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experimenting with lenses!
Hans Lippershey and his son, Zaccharias Hanssen was experimenting with a variety of lenses. In the late 1590s,they used several lenses in a tube and were suprised that the object at the end of the tube was magnified beyond the capability of a magnifying glass. -
Antonie Philips van Leeuwenhoek (born on October 24, 1632 and died on August 26, 1723 – buried on August 30)
Dutch tradesman and scientist from Delft, Netherlands. He is commonly known as "the Father of Microbiology", and considered to be the first microbiologist.his father died and On 18 Dec 1640 his mother married Jacob Molijn and Antonie van Leeuwenhoek was sent to boarding school in the village of Warmond, near Leiden -
Robert Hooke (18 July 1635 – 3 March 1703)
was an English natural philosopher, architect and polymath who played an important role in the scientific revolution, through both experimental and theoretical work. In 1653, Hooke (who had also undertaken a course of twenty lessons on the organ) secured a chorister's place at Christ Church He was employed as a "chemical assistant" to Dr Thomas Willis, for whom Hooke developed a great admiration. -
Francesco Redi (February 18, 1626 March 1, 1697)
was an Italian physician, naturalist, and poet.He is most well-known for his series of experiments, published in 1668 as Esperienze Intorno alla Generazione degl'Insetti (Experiments on the Generation of Insects) which is regarded as one of the first steps in refuting "spontaneous generation" - a theory also known as Aristotelian abiogenesis. At the time, -
Rudolf Ludwig Karl Virchow (13 October 1821 – 5 September 1902)
was a German doctor, anthropologist, pathologist, prehistorian, biologist and politician, known for his advancement of public health. Referred to as "the father of modern pathology," he is considered one of the founders of social medicine.he graduated in 1843 -
Hugo von Mohl (8 April 1805 – 1 April 1872)
he was a botanist and he started in 1828 those anatomical investigations which continued till his death. In 1832 he was appointed professor of botany in Tübingen, a post which he never left. Unmarried, his pleasures were in his laboratory and library, and in perfecting optical apparatus and microscopic preparations He received many honours during his lifetime, and was elected foreign fellow of the Royal Society in 1868. -
George Otto Gey (July 6, 1899 – November 8, 1970)
was the scientist who propagated the HeLa cell line. He received his undergraduate degree at the University of Pittsburgh in 1921 and then taught zoology there. -
electron microscope!
In 1931, the German physicist Ernst Ruska and German electrical engineer Max Knoll constructed the prototype electron microscope capable of four-hundred-power magnification -
James Dewey Watson (born April 6, 1928)
is an American molecular biologist, best known as one of co-discoverers of the structure of DNA with Francis Crick, in 1953. Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins were awarded the 1962 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material". -
Francis Harry Compton crick (8 June 1916 – 28 July 2004)
was a British molecular biologist, physicist, and neuroscientist, and most noted for being one of two co-discoverers of the structure of the DNA molecule in 1953 Crick was an important theoretical molecular biologist and played a crucial role in research related to revealing the genetic code. He is widely known for use of the term “central dogma” to summarise an idea that genetic information flow in cells is essentially one-way, from DNA to RNA to protein -
Stem cells!!!
Stem cells are cells found in all multi cellular organisms. They are characterized by the ability to renew themselves through mitotic cell division and differentiate into a diverse range of specialized cell types.in the 1960s.The two broad types of mammalian stem cells are: embryonic stem cells that are isolated from the inner cell mass of blastocysts, and adult stem cells that are found in adult tissues. -
SEM!!
The SEM was developed by Professor Sir Charles Oatley and his student Gary Stewart and was first marketed in 1965 by the Cambridge Instrument Company as the "Stereoscan". The first instrument was delivered to DuPont. -
Roslin Institute
Roslin Institute won international fame in 1996, when Sir Ian Wilmut, Keith Campbell and their colleagues created Dolly the sheep, the first mammal to be cloned from an adult cell, at the institute. A year later Polly and Molly were cloned, both sheep contained a human gene. -
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cells
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Matthias Jakob Schleiden (5 April 1804 - 23 June 1881)
was a German botanist and co-founder of the cell theory, along with Theodor Schwann and Rudolf Virchow Schleiden was one of the first German biologists to accept Charles Darwin's theory of evolution. He became professor of botany at the University of Dorpat in 1863. He concluded that all plant parts are made of cells. -
Theodor Schwann (7 December 1810 – 11 January 1882)
was a German physiologist. His many contributions to biology include the development of cell theory, the discovery of Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system, the discovery and study of pepsin, the discovery of the organic nature of yeast, and the invention of the term metabolism.