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Eratosthenes discovered that the Earth was round and not flat, he also made a map of the known world.
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Claudius Ptolemy developed the geocentric model which was consistent with the Catholic Church's beliefs and therefore was widely accepted. It was replaced by the Copernican heliocentric model.
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Copernicus was the first modern European Scientist to propose that Earth and other planets revolved around the sun, also referred to as the Heliocentric Model of the Universe
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Tycho Brahe discovered the comet C/1590 E1, which he discovered March 5, 1590.
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Most famous for the three laws of planetary motion and demonstrated that planetary orbits are ellipses and not circular.
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Newton came up with the three laws of motion but especially he focused on Gravitational attraction as a function of the masses of the objects and their existence from one another
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Einstein developed the special as well as general theories of relativity and the concept of space-time which deals with the behavior of large objects in the universe.