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By A.D. 500, Germanic Invasions had all but destroyed the urban world of the Roman empire. Trade declined, cities bridges and roads fell into disrepair, law and order vanished, and education almost disappeared. For most people, life did not extend beyond the tiny villages where they were born, lived, and died. http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_oz-quqRgtfc/Skg7fYIqZNI/AAAAAAAABAs/s3h8l6I2lDA/s400/JS_German.jpg
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The missionaries from Ireland won over many converts even though the Irish were isolated from the pope. Monasteries in Ireand sent missionaries throughout the area of Northern Atlantic and Western Europe. Most of the people of Western Europe eventually became Catholics. http://www.saintpatricksjacksonville.org/images/stpat.jpg
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The tie between military serveie and land ownership that characterized feudalisom began. At the time Charles Martel was fighting the Muslims. http://steventill.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/11/feudalism-knight.jpg
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In A.D. 714 Charles Martel or "Charles the Hammer" became mayor of the palace. Because of his defeat against the Muslims in Tours, France Christianity would remain the dominant religion of Europe. http://www.culture-routes.lu/uploaded_files/infos/ar/00000122/0000000443/0000000443_1.jpg
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To support the calvary, Martel started to grant warriors feifs. Feifs are landed estates with peasants. The Frankish king later enlarged this stystem by giving the feifs to local officials and counts. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/maps/martel1map.gif
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With the backing of nobles and church officials, Pepin the Short, the son of Charles Martel, became king of the franks. The pope anointed, or put holy oil on, Pepin, making him a divinely chosen ruler in the eyes of the people. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Pippin_the_younger.jpg/200px-Pippin_the_younger.jpg
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Arrangements amoung nobles and monarchs emerged as feudalism. Lords who had been granted fiefs were allowed to pass their lands on to their heirs. In return the nobles were to provide knights for the royal army. http://publish.uwo.ca/~dmann/Feudalism%201.jpg
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In A.D. 481 a brutal and willy warrior named Clovis became the king of the franks. Fifteen years later Clovis became the first Germanic ruler to accept Catholicism. http://csmh.pbworks.com/f/1188875371/Clovis.jpg
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In A.D. 768 Pepin's son, Charlemagne, became the Frankish king. He was one of Europes great monarchs. Charlemagne nearly doubled the borders of his kingdom to include Germany, France, northern Spain, and most of Italy. His enlarged domain became known as the Frankish Empire. http://www.culturalresources.com/images/maps/CharlemagneBig.jpg
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In the Treaty of Verdun was a treaty of the three surviving sons of Louis the Pious, the son and successor of Charlemagne, which divided the territories of the Carolingian Empire to three kingdoms. http://faculty.cua.edu/Pennington/ChurchHistory220/images/Verdun843.jpg
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The vikings lived on land that was not fertile and hard to farm on. After finding out that england was rich with plentiful lands and treeasures they began to explore for better land and invade parts of europe. http://www.freewebs.com/brandenburgstudies/Vikings_468x364.jpg
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Alfred was given the name alfred the great due to his great leadership. He ruled england from 871-899. http://www.englandandenglishhistory.com/media/img/Content/anglo_saxons__alfred_the_great/AlfredTheGreat.gif
