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Yellowstone National Park
Yellowstone National Park is a national park found primarily in Wyoming. It also extends into Montana and Idaho. The U.S. Congress established the park, and President Ulysses S. Grant signed it into law on March 1, 1872. It is widely known for its wildlife and geothermal features, especially Old Faithful Geyser. It has many types of ecosystems, but the subalpine forest is dominant. Theodore Roosevelt camped in the park for two weeks. He was known as a champion of conservation. -
Tin Pan Alley
-name given to the collection of the New York City music publishers and songwriter who dominated the popular music in the late 19th century and the early 20th century.
-Originally a place, but soon refigured for the group of people
-During WW2, Tin Pan Alley and the government teamed up to create a song that they thought would boost the morale and willingness to fight against the Axis powers. -
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Irving Berlin
-he was a songwriter, composer, and lyricist
-considered one of the greatest songwriters in American history
-wrote various songs to promote patriotism and help boost morale during the war -
Spanish-American War
The Spanish-American War was a conflict between Spain and the U.S. in 1898. It resulted in the American intervention in the Cuban War of Independence. America's attacks on Spain's Pacific possessions led to involvement in the Philippine-American War. The result was the 1898 Treaty of Paris, which was negotiated on terms favorable to the U.S. -
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Louis Armstrong and the origins of jazz
-Armstrong was greaatly influential to all music, jazz in particular
-said to have switched jazz from collective improvization to solo performance
-One of the first men to be so good, no one really criticized him for his race, being African American. -
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Langston Hughes
Langston Hughes was an American poet, playwright, social activist, novelist, and columnist born in Joplin, Missouri. Hughes wanted to attend a certain college, Columbia University, after graduating high school, because he wanted to be a writer. He was also one of the first jazz poets. -
Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine
The Roosevelt Corollary is a corollary to the Monroe Doctrine that was articulated by President Theodore Roosevelt in his State of the Union Adress in 1904. It was supposed to be an addition to the Monroe Doctrine, but it could be seen as a departure. The corollary states that the U.S. will intervene in conflicts between European Nations and Latin American countries. This was to enforce legitimate claims of the European powers. -
The creation of the Panama Canal
The history of the Panama Canal goes back nearly to the earliest explorers of the Americas. The narrow land bridge offers the creation of a water passage between North and South America. By the late 19th century, technology and commercial pressure advanced. Construction began, and it was completed in 1913. -
Henry Ford and Mass Production
Henry Ford did not invent the automobile; however, he was determined to create automobiles on a larger scale than anyone before him ever had. To achieve this, he invented the assemby line. This increased workers' productivity, and enabled factories to manufacture cars at an incredible speed. -
World War l
World War l was a global war centered in Europe. It began on July 28, 1914. It involved two opposing alliances, which included all of the world's great powers. The war ended on November 11, 1918. -
Unrestricted Submarine Warfare
Unrestricted submarine warfare is when submarines sink vessels such as freighters and tankers without warning. Following the use of this by Germany in WWl, countries tried to limit or even abolish submarines. -
The Great Migration
The Great Migration was the movement of 6 million African-Americans out of the rural Southern United States. They moved to industrial cities in the Northeast, Midwest, and West. -
Eugene Debs
Eugene Victor Debs was an American Union leader. He was one of the founding members of the Industrial Workers of the World. He was also several times the candidate of the socialists party of the America. -
Wilson's Fourteen Points
The Fourteen Points was a statement made by United States President Woodrow Wilson. He stated that the Great War was being fought for a moral cause and for postwar peace in Europe. Wilson's main allied colleagues were skeptical of the applicability of his idealism. -
The Espionage Act
The Espionage Act is a UNited States law passed on June 15, 1917. This was shortly after the US entry into WWl. It originally prohibited any attempt to interfere with military operations, to promote insubordination in the military, or to interfere with military recruitment. -
Ronald Reagan's Presidency
-40th president of the United States
-33rd governor of California
-prior to presidency he was an actor
-His Vice President was George H. W. Bush
-Created Reagan Revolution
-Reduce reliance on government
-Shot 69 days in but lived and went back to work
-Reelected
-"Nation was enjoying its longest recorded period of peacetime prosperity without recession or depression"
-Got rid of tax code
-"Peace through strength"
-Put money towards increasing defense -
League of Nations
The League of Nations was an organization founded as a result of the Paris Peace Conference that concluded the First World War. The organization's principal mission was to maintain world peace. -
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Harlem Renaissance
-cultural movement spanning from 1919 to mid-1930's.
-known as the "flowering of Negro literature"
-thought to be the effect of the newly freed slaves striving for civil participation
-Consists of musicians, composers, poets, novelists, entertainers, leading intellectuals, and artists. -
Nineteenth Amendment
Congress passed the 19th Amendment on June 4th, 1919. This amendment guaranteed the women the right to vote, and was the subject of long debates for many years prior to its ratification in 1920. Few early supporters of women's suffrage lived to see it become law. -
Eighteenth Amendment
The 18th Amendment prohibited the manufacture, sale, transportation, import, or export of alcoholic beverages. Congress voted its approval of this bill in October 1919; however, it became law on January 17th, 1920. -
The Red Scare
The Red Scare took place between 1919 and 1921. It was the first of a series of "Red Scares". It was the overwhelming fear of Communism to the extent that Senator McCarthy went after any threat of Communism in Hollywood, universities, and in the military. -
Stock Market Crash of 1929
-also known as Black Tuesday
-Most devasting stock market crash in history
-led to the Great Depression
-affected all Western industrialized countries
lost roughly $30 billion in the span of two days -
Hoovervilles
Hooverville was a term coined by Charles Michelson to describe the towns built by homeless people during the Great Depression. These shanty towns were built mostly from scraps of wood and cardboard, and along with "Hooverville," terms such as "Hoover blanket," "Hoover wagon," and "Hoover leather" were used to describe the poor man's version of everyday items. They were named after Herbert Hoover, who was the president at the start of the depression, and who was blamed for much of its occurance. -
U.S. Neutrality
The Neutrality Acts were passed by the United States Congress in the 1930s. This was in response to increasing turmoil in Europe and Asia that led to WWll. They were spurred by the growth in isolationism. It sought to ensure that America would not become entangled in foreign conflicts again. -
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Great Depression
-the most severe economic depression in America's history
-caused by the stock market crash of 1929
-international trade decreased by 50%
-unemployment increased to 25% in U.S., in some contries, it was 33%
-Effected countries rich and poor -
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Dust Bowl
-A series of dust storms in theWestern part of the U.S. and Canadian praries
-little more than 10 inches of rain in some years
-100,000,000 acres affected
-farmers from these locations migrated to other locations such as California, but found little better economic conditions due to the Great Depression -
Huey Long
Governor of Lousiana from 1928 to 1932
US Senator from 1932 to 1935 (assassinated)
Share Our Wealth program-- "Every man is a king"
Proposed wealth redistribution, goal was to stimulate economy and curb poverty and homelessness during the Great Depression -
Eleanor Roosevelt
Made public appearances and gave speeches in her husband's place after his paralysis from polio
Very outspoken, especially for a First Lady
Worked for relief like FDR, although she sometimes opposed his views
Remained in politics for the rest of her life, following FDR's death
Became one of the US's first delegates in the United Nations
"one of the most esteemed women in the world" -
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New Deal
Series of economic programs
Focused on the "3 Rs": Relief (unemployed), Recovery (return economy to normal levels), Reform (prevent another depression) -
Tennessee Valley Authority
A federal corporation that provided utilities to citizens in the Tennessee Valley, a region that was affected very much by the great depression
The purpose was to not only provide utilies, but to boost the economy and modernize society -
Wagner Act (National Labor Relations Act)
Act of 1935
Guaranteed basic rights for private employees: organize trade unions, negotiate better conditions in working environmant, allowed for strike if necessary, etc -
Social Security Act
Act that created social security in the United States
An attempt to limit dangers in the average Americans life: old age, poverty, burdens of widows, etc.
President Roosevelt became the first president to provide federal assistance to the elderly -
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Neutrality Acts
These acts were passed by the US Congress between World Wars I and II. The purpose was to keep the US isolated from world affairs enough to keep them out of another potenital costly war such as World War I. These acts were not very helpful, however, as it made it so that the US could not help the British and French very successfully suring World War II, and they were removed after the Japanese bombing at Pearl Harbor. -
Court Packing Bill (Judicial Procedures Reform Bill)
Bill proposed by FDR to add more justices to US Supreme Court
To obtain favorable rulings about New Deal that had been labeled unconstitutional
Ultimately failed -
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Senator Joseph McCarthy
-against communism
-in 1938, McCarthy's opinions began
-started hearings and inversigations of communists in American government, army, university, and eveywhere else
-became very popular, but by 1954, it died down -
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War-time Conversion
The USA converted from a peace time industry to a war time industry. Instead of making machines for civilians, the factories make machines for war; tanks, fighters, bombers, guns, battleships, subs, bombs, bullets. -
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Impact of the radio and movies
-The radio was a way for the nation to connect and stay up-to-date with the war
-Movies were filled with propaganda
-People were able to see recent war footage in the movies
-People were able to listen to music, dramas, comedy, and commercials for products on the radio -
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Role of women in war industries
The hard skilled labor of women was symbolized by the concept of Rosie the Riveter.
Women's roles in World War II were even more extensive than in the First World War.
By 1945, more than 2.2 million women were working in the war industries, building ships, aircraft, vehicles, and weaponry.
Women also worked in factories, munitions plants and farms, and also drove trucks, provided logistic support for soldiers.
Tthousands of women enlisted as nurses serving on the front lines. -
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Baby Boom
-soldiers from WWII came home and returned to their wives
-rapid increase in population
-Baby Boom generation is the largest generation in US history
-in 1957, about 4 million babies were born -
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Rationing (U.S)
Rationing system guaranteed minimum necessities to prevent inflation.
Tires were the first to go because supplies of natural rubber were interrupted. Gasoline rationing proved an even better way to allocate scarce rubber.
By 1943 one needed government issued ration coupons to purchase typewriters, gasoline, bicycles, clothing, food, and many other items. Some items—like new automobiles and appliances were no longer made.
The rationing system did not apply to used goods (like clothes or cars). -
The Lend-Lease Act
$51 Billion to 45 allied countries "lending" weapons, food and supplies to England, Russia and China and any country vital to winning the war. Program of the United States Federal government during World War II which enabled the U.S. to provide the Allied nations with war material while the US was still officially a neutral country. The Lend-Lease program began in March 1941, nine months before the US entered the war in December of 1941. -
Lend Lease Act
An act that stated that the United States passed that would allow them to lend or lease supplies for war to another country if it was “vital to the defense of the United States”. -
Philip Randolph
He was a leader of the Civil Rights movement and the American Labor movement. He developed the first black labor union, and led it as well (Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters). He convinced President Roosevelt to ban discrimination in the defensive fields during World War II (1941), and then later, pushed President Truman to end segregation in the Armed Forces (1948). He was the head of the March on Washington (1963), and inspired the Freedom budget. -
Exectutive Order 8802
Signed by President Roosevelt, this order prohibited racial discrimination in the defense industry in America. It promoted equality and was the first federal action to do so. Civil Rights activists, such as Philip Randolph, planned a march on Washington DC, and this order was passed to avoid such an event. The march was suspended, but this order lead to future ones, and was an accomplishment of the early Civil Rights movement. -
Pearl Harbor
On the island of Oahu, Pearl Harbor is home to the US Pacific Fleet and deep-water naval base. It has been used as a naval base since America overthrew the Hawaiian throne and took the island for a territory (and later, state) in 1899. Pearl Harbor is moost wellknown for being bombed by the Japanese during World War II, and this surprise attack by the Japanese was a direct cause of the United States joining the Allies in the war. -
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Internment of Japanese-Americans
President Roosevelt allowed military zones in the U.S. - basis for the mass internment of some 110,000 Japanese-Americans.
(1942) Lt. Gen. DeWitt established massive camp - demanded that all persons of Japanese ancestry report to assembly centers.
(1944) Supreme Court halted the detention of U.S. citizens without cause and Japanese Americans began to leave the camps.
The last camp closed in 1946, and the U.S. government paid $1.6 billion in reparations to detainees and their descendants. -
Internment of Japanese Americans
During World War II, due to advice and pressure from the public, President Roosevelt signed an order to relocate all Americans of Japanese decent. This included over 127,000 people. Anti-Japanese propaganda was spread out through America. It was believed that the Japanese Americans would act as spies for their country of decent, Japan, and harm the chances the United States for wining the war against Japan. -
Battle of Midway
Fought over and near the tiny U.S. mid-Pacific base at Midway atoll Japanese Combined Fleet commander Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto vs. U.S. Pacific Fleet commander Admiral Chester W. Nimitz Japan lost four irreplaceable fleet carriers, while only one of the three U.S. carriers present was lost The base at Midway, though damaged by Japanese air attack, remained operational and later became a vital component in the American trans-Pacific offensive. -
D-Day
Codenamed “Operation Overlord”, also known as D-Day, began when some 156,000 American, British and Canadian forces landed on five beaches along a 50-mile stretch of the heavily fortified coast of France’s Normandy region. The invasion was one of the largest amphibious military assaults in history requiring extensive planning. The Normandy landings have been called the beginning of the end of war in Europe. -
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The Fall of Berlin
The battle for Berlin lasted for two weeks. Three and a half million troops from both sides, Soviet and German, took part in the fight. Some ten thousand tanks, thousands of artillery, and eleven thousand aircraft were involved in the fight. There was no other operation of that scale in World War II, and it was won by the Russians. The Red Flag was risen atop of the Reichstag in May, 1945, and it became the symbol of victory over fascism. -
Manhattan Project
The Manhattan Project was a research and development project that produced the first atomic bombs during World War II.
It was led by the United States with the support of the United Kingdom and Canada.
Codenamed Project Y
ROBERT OPPENHEIMER was put in charge of putting the pieces together at Los Alamos.
“A blinding flash visible for 200 miles lit up the morning sky. A mushroom cloud reached 40,000 feet, blowing out windows of civilian homes up to 100 miles away.” -
Containment Policy
a United States policy using numerous strategies to prevent the spread of communism abroad.
A component of the Cold War, this policy was a response to a series of moves by the Soviet Union to enlarge communist influence in Eastern Europe, China, Korea, Africa, and Vietnam -
Truman Doctrine
An international relations policy which stated that the U.S. would support Greece and Turkey with economic and military aid to prevent them from falling into the Soviet sphere
Set forth by the U.S. President Harry Truman
Historians often consider it as the start of the Cold War, and the start of the containment policy to stop Soviet expansion -
Jackie Robinson and the integration of badeball
- Jackie Robinson was the first African-American to play baseball for a major league team in the United States.
- This led to the complete integration in baseball and other professional sports.
- He was also the first African-American to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame
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Communist Regime in China
-the Communist Party of China was formed in 1921
-Mao Zedong was in control in 1927
-Mao led a revolution, resulting in communist control
-worked toward heavy industry like the Soviets
-Mao changed from Marxism-Leninism to Maoism, which is known as the Chinese interpretation of communism
-Maoists began a strong communist tradition, creating the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution
-Great Leap Forward encouraged China to move to a heavy industrialized society
-caused starvation -
Levittown
-housing shortage after soldiers came home
-William Levitt created ways of building houses faster, cheaper, and more efficiently
-first suburbs–communities outside of a city -
Marshall Plan
American program to aid Europe
The United States gave economic support to help rebuild the European economy after the end of World War II in order to prevent the spread of Soviet Communism.
The plan was in operation for four years
Named after Secretary of State George Marshall. -
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Outbreak of Korean War
-during Cold War
-between North and South Korea, America and Russia also involved
-US fought:
1. Domino Theory- one country falls into communism, then another will follow, soon the last domino will fall, every country will be communist- US feared this
2. US wanted to keep democracy, the American way of life, and put down communism
3.Truman realized competition between US & USSR
-Russia encouraged communism
-US General made a truce to end the war
-N and S Korea still divided today -
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Vietnam War
-US gives $15 million to aid France in fighting in Vietnam
-US trians South Vietnamese
-North Vietnam began guerrilla warfare in South Vietnam
-US sent more toops and aid to South Vietnam
-South Vietnam President killed
-America bombs North Vietnam
-National Liberation Front attacked US air bases
-Tet Offensive began
-500,000 US troops invloved in war
-1973, ceasefire signed in Paris and the last US troops left Vietnam -
Brown vs. Board of education
Supreme Court case that declared segregation doctrine of “separate but equal” was not Constitutional when applied to the public school system.
The Warren Court's unanimous decision stated that "separate educational facilities are inherently unequal."
As a result, de jure racial segregation was ruled a violation of the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment of the Constitution.
This ruling paved the way for integration and was a major victory of the civil rights movement. -
Warren Court
Earl Warren created the Warren Court in 1953. This changed the court system. The cases now provided more personal rights which focused on the Bill of Rights. -
Cuban Revolution
-General Batista took over the president of Cuba, then Fidel Castro attempted to overthrow Batista's government
-Castro gathered a group fo armed men and began attacks
-he was improsioned with his brother
-after being released early, he planned to overthrow Batista again
-after battles, Castro became the Prime Minister of Cuba in February
-he then made a communist government and made himself dictator -
Little Rock
.Many people were unhappy with the decision to integrate schools, and some even refused to follow it. The governor of Arkansas ordered the National Guard to keep nine African American students from attending Little Rock’s Central High School; President Eisenhower sent federal troops to Little Rock to force the high school to integrate. -
Interstate Highway Act
-new communities were far from large cities, need for public transportation
-need of cars led to increased car ownership meaning more roads were needed
-Congress passed the Interstate Highway Act, allowing the construction of a national network of highways to connect every major city in America
-41,000 miles of new freeways were built
-record-size public works project -
Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)
This group was founded by Martin Luther King Jr. in 1957. It was initially called Negro Leaders Conference on Non-Violent Integration, but they later changed the name to SCLC. The originally focused on bus integration then to all forms of integration. They focused on getting churches involved in fighting for integration. -
Sputnik
- This was the first artificial satellite launched by the Soviet Union.
- It caused panic in the United States because they feared that if they could launch a satellite they could also use rockets to launch nuclear weapons.
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News coverage of the civil rights movement
-National televised news coverage of the civil rights movement helped transform the United States
-By being able to see the violence instead of just reading about it the people began to change their views of segregation and civil rights. -
Sit-ins
Four black college students sat down at a "whites-only" restaurant in Greensboro, North Carolina. Although they were refused service, they stayed till close. They returned the next five days and gained many supporters. Many angereed white residents went to the restaurant to oppose the protesters. The restaurant eventually closed. The CORE was formed to fight against segregated places. After this event, sit ins became more popular. -
Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)
This group was created by Ella Baker in Greensboro, North Carolina. The group was formed to give young black more of a voice in the civil rights movement. They werre greatly involved in Freedom Rides. They were a part of the black voter registration drives in the south. -
US growing opposition to the Vietnam War
-many Americans were opposed to the war from the beginning
-as the war progressed, more Americans stopped supporting the wariness Vietnam
-protests began at colleges all over the US questioning the morality of US military involvement
-North Vietnamese and Vietcong began to occupy more territory
-this caused US to promote peace negotiations
-US troops were withdrawn two months later -
Presidential Debates
-Frst ever televised presidential debate
-The first or four "Great Debates"between Kennedy and Nixon
-These debates allowed voters to see the candidates in competion.
-At election time, more than half the voters said that the Great Debates had influenced their opinion.
- The visual aspect proved Kennedy to be the winner of the debates.Nixon had better points, but due to an injury he looked sickly and pale whereas Kennedy was tan and goodlooking. This also influenced voters. -
Bay of Pigs
-the plan was to strike Cuban air bases twice; it would be a surprise attack
-the first strike did not cause much damage to Cuba's air force
-the second was cancelled
-the Cuban-exile invasion force landed on the shores, and they were attacked
-the exiles were killed or captured, and the rest surrendered
-the US made a deal with Castro, Cuba's leader
-the US would give $53 million worth of supplies they needed in exchange for the captured people -
Freedom Rides
This was the first freedom ride. 7 blacks and 6 whites rode 2 public buses to the South. They suffered many violent attacks which challenged President Kennedy to stop the violence. This event sparked many other freedom rides on trains and air planes. In November the interstae Commerce Commision prohibited segregation at transportation facilities. -
Rachel Carson's Silent Spring
This questioned humans dependence and faith in techonology. It also helped set the stage for the enviromental movement. SHe was a marine biogolist and nature author. -
Cesar Chaves and the United Farm Worker's Movement
This was a union that people had to pay dues to be in and would protect the rights of the workers. If rates were to low they would all go on strike together to get what they want. We do not have unions here in the South because we are awesome like that. -
Cuban Missile Crisis
-the Soviet Union began to build nuclear misssile sites in Cuba
-the US decided to put a blockade on Cuba so that the Soviet Union could not take anything else into Cuba
-the US demanded the Soviet Union to remove the missiles and sites from Cuba
-Soviets realized that they were on the verge of a nuclear war, so they made an agreement with the US to take the missile sites out of Cuba if the US would not invade Cuba -
Martin Luther King Jr.'s letter from Birmingham Jail and I have a Dream Speech
MLKJ was arrested in Birmingham, Alabama, while demonstrating against racial segregation. In jail he wrote his “Letter from Birmingham Jail” to address fears white religious leaders had that he was moving too fast toward desegregation. In his letter, he explained why victims of segregation found it difficult to wait for those injustices to end.Later the same year,King delivered his most famous speech, “I Have a Dream,” to over 250,000 people at the Lincoln memorial.He asked for peace and harmony -
Assassination of President John F. Kennedy
President Kennedy was assassinated while driving through Dallas, Texas. His wife was with him as well as Texas Governor, John Conally and his wife. As they passed the Texas School Book Depository Building, Lee Harvey Oswald shot three shots form the sixth floor. He fatally wounded President Kennedy and seriously injured Conally. He died 30 minutes later at Parkland Hospital in Dallas. Oswald was arrested and killed by an angry citizen. -
Lyndon Johnson's Great Society
Johnson became president after President Kennedy was assassinated. He proposed the Great Society which combined Woodrow Wilson's Progressivism, Roosevelt's Second Bill of Rights liberalism, and the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Johnson said that the Great Society would be a turning point for US history. -
Civil rights Act of 1964
It was signed into law by President Lyndon Johnson. This law prohibited discrimination based on race, religion, national origin, and gender. It allowed all citizens the right to enter any public building in the United States. One factor that prompted this law was the long struggle for civil rights undertaken by America’s African American population. Another factor was King’s “I Have a Dream” speech; its moving words helped create widespread support for this law. -
Expanded use of air conditioning
- THe expanded use of air conditioning allowed better working and living conditions. -These improved conditions led to economic and urban developement.
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The establishment of Medicare
President Johnson signed the Medicare bill in 1965. This provided low-cost hospitalization and medical insuarance for the nation's ederly. -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
The Voting Rights Act outlawed the requirement for potential voters in the United States to take literacy tests to register to vote, because this requirement was judged as unfair to minorities. The act provided money to pay for programs to register voters in areas with large numbers of unregistered minorities, and it gave the Department of Justice the right to oversee the voting laws in certain districts that had used tactics such as literacy tests or poll taxes to limit voting. -
Miranda Decision
The Supreme Court created the Miranda rights. This law states that all criminal suspects must be told their rights before they are interogated. It was named after Ernesto Miranda who was convicted of rape and assault. He had confessed to the crime. However later he said he gave a false confession because he did not know he did not have to say anything during the interogation. -
National Organization for Women
Thius organization was formed to fight for womens rights. They are still an organization today. The group was founded by Muriel Fox. -
Anti-Vietnam War Movemnet
During thr Vietman war the people of the US did not understand why we were fihgtnig the war in Vietnam. This caused the people to become angery because this war was more tellivised then any war before, so they could see more of it. People have anti-war protests at colleges and at Kent State University people were killed during a protest. People would spit at serivice men and call them baby killers or not give them jobs after they served. -
Tet Offensive
-Vietcong began a series of surprise attacks on multiple cities and towns in South Vietnam.
-known as the turning point in the war
-Vietcong needed a victory in the war
-attacks began on January 31, 1968
-took two weeks for US and South Vietnam to retake the capture cities
-military failure, but gave Vietcong a political and mental victory
-caused more Americans and South Vietnamese to fight -
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The assassinations of Martin Luther King Jr. and Robert F. Kennedy
King was shot and killed Aril 4, 1968 in Memphis, Tennessee. He was there to lead a peaceful march with sriking sanitation workers. Robert Kennedy was shot and killed minutes after declaring victory in the California Democratic Primary. He was assassinated by Palestinian Sirhan Sirhan. -
Barry Goldwater
He was a United States Senotor and a republican. In 1968 he lead his own personal presidental campain. -
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1968 The Democratic National Convention
The convention was held in Chicago to discuss the upcoming run for president and the issue of the Vietnam War. During the convention, many anti-war protesters fought with the police. Chicago suffered from the riots. -
Election of Richird M. Nixon
He won the election and became the 37th president of the United States. He was the man that pulled us out of the Vietnam war; howevver, that caused the Northern comminust Vietnam to defeat the South Vietnam people. -
Earth Day
Earth Day founder was Gaylord Nelson. This was put into action during the height of hippie and flower child coulture. This was during the enviromental movement. This was created to rais awareness for helping the planet because they people believe humans are destroying the planet. -
Personal Computers
- By this time early versions of todays computers gave Americans a glimpse of the future and the technology it would hold.
- In this time phone booths and typewriters were all they had , but they evolved into the technology we have today.
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EPA
The Environmental Protection Agency serves purpose of protecting human health and the environment by writing and enforcing regulations based on laws passed by Congress. This was proposed by president Richard Nixon. -
Nixon's Opening of China
This was an important step that helped the re;ations between the United States and China. This was a presidents first visit to China, and it ended 25 years of tenshions. -
Watergate Scandal
While Nixon ws in ofice, he was said to be involved in recording meetings. At the Watergate Hotle in Washington this occured. This was investigated and let to Nixon resineing from office. -
Roe V. Wade
This was a cose of abortion where the supreme court rulled that, under the 14th admendment, women had the right to privecy involvinig this issue. -
Gerald Ford
Was the 38th president of the United States. He was the only person to have been both Vice President and President of the United States without being elected by the Electoral College voteing. He took over after Nixon resigned. He was the president during a horrible time for the economy. -
Bakke Decision
By order of the Supreme Court, medical schools were ordered to race as a factor in their admissions policy. This was ruled after a white man by the name of Allen Bakke was denied admissions to a school that admitted black candidates with lower academic history. -
Camp David Accords
-Beginning of the peace in the Middle East
-Presdient Jimmy Carter 'coordinated' or 'set up' the meeting
-Meeting between Israel (Prime Minister Menachem Begin) and Egypt (Pres. Anwar el-Sādāt)
-Called Camp David Accords because took place in Camp David, Maryland
-Later won the Nobel Peace Prize for the agreement -
Camp David Accords
-The Camp david Accords was the beginning of the peace between Israel and Egypt.
-Known as Camp David Accords because it took place at Camp David, Maryland.
-President Jimmy Carter 'arranged' or'coorinated' this agreement
-Israel Prime Minister Menachem Begin and Egyptian President Anwar el-Sadat were the two who made the agreement
-later won the Noble Prize for making such a substantial agreement -
Carter's response to the 1979 Iranian Revolution, and the Iranian hostage crisis
-U.S. Embassy in Tehran, Iran
-60 Americans taken hostage
-Carter felt it was his responsibility to bring them home safely
-After nothing worked he deployed "Desert One" even though it was risky
-Failed
-Carter tirelessly worked until their release -
Reaganomics
-Economic policies by Ronald Reagan
-Wanted to fix inflation and recession
-Reduce taxes -
Iran-Contra Scandal
-Illegal sale of weapons to Iran
-In return for the release of American hostages
-Administration also decided to give some funds to the contras
-rebel organization in Nicaragua
-North and Pointdexter convicted -
Collapse of the Soviet Union
-Gorbachev introduced Glastnost' and Perestroika
-Openness and re-structuring
-Communism wasn't satisfying the people
-Protests started because the people wanted independence
-Saw the wealth western countries had -
NAFTA
-North American Free Trade Agreement
-United States, Canada, and Mexico
-Remove tariff and as many barriers as possible
-Included environmental regulations
-Increase trade
-Better the economy -
The 2000 presidental electon and its outcome
-George Bush
-Republican
-Vice President: Dick Cheney
-Al Gore
-Democratic
-Vice President: Joe Lieberman
-Americans voted for Al Gore
-Electoral College votes gave Bush more points
-Florida was the deciding state
-George W. Bush wins -
Electoral College
-process for electing US president
-Each state has the same number of electors as senators and representatives in congress
-538 votes total
-3 presidents have been elected by this
-George W. Bush (2001)
-Benjamin Harrison
-Rutherford B. Hayes
-Must win 270/538 votes -
Subsequent American interventions on Afghanistan and Iran
-Afghanistan
-U.S. wanted to destroy Al Qaeda in Afghanistan
-NATO supports this
-Osama Binladan and the Taliban (extremist group)
-Iran
-thought Saddam Hussein had nuclear weapons
-wanted to bring democracy and stabilize Middle East -
President George W. Bush to the attacks on September 11, 2001
-George was at a school reading a book with children
-received news of both first and second planes hitting the twin towers
-chose to wait 7 minutes and stay with the children
-controversial because people think he should have reacted more quickly
-terrorist crashed planes into twin towers -
The War Against Terrorism
-Bush military campaign as a result of the 9/11 attacks
-eliminate Al-Queda and other military organizations
-try to stop terrorism and terroristic threats
-protect American citizens
