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Brown vs. Board of Education
In 1954, justice was unanimously ruled that racial segregation of children in public schools was unconstitutional. Brown v. Board of Education was one of the civil rights movement and helped establish the precedent that separate but equal education and other services were not in fact equal at all. This was the first time the federal government had advocated for students who experienced inequality and prejudice at school and it set a path for future legislation for individuals with disabilities. -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) (Public Law 89-10)
This act applies to children who need additional support to benefit from public school education programs and supports many initiatives that help low-income families access high-quality education programs. This includes provisions for free and reduced lunches and additional teachers in disadvantage communities.This law brought education into the forefront of the national assault on poverty and represented a landmark commitment to equal quality education. -
Vocational Rehabilitation Act (VRA) (Public Law 93-112, Section 504)
Students with disabilities should have equal access to and receive benefit from all programs receiving federal financial assistance. Classes, activities and services must be accessible. Students with disabilities must be provided equal opportunity to participate in extracurricular activities and nonacademic activities. -
Educational Amendments Act (Public law 93-380)
Presidents Gerald Ford cleared the way for increased Federal spending for education of handicapped children. The extension for the Education of the Handicapped Act carries through Fiscal Year 1977. This is one of the first federal funding of state programs for students who are gifted and talented. This also granted students and families the right of due process in special education placement. -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA) (Public Law 94-142, Part B)
The federal government continued to pursue legislation to further secure the rights of children with disabilities. The EACHA provided funding to states to help develop and implement programs for disabled children in schools. Each state was required to submit a plan with specific details and outlines stating the procedures and policies for educating each student. Their responsibility was to provide education for ALL children which should meet each child's different needs. IEPs. are required. -
Honig v. Doe
The importance of this court case was to ensure schools cannot expel students for behaviors related to their disability. Children with disabilities must remain in their current educational placements during ay review proceedings unless parents and educational officials agree otherwise. Doe alleged that the pending expulsion proceedings triggered the stay put provision and that educators violated rights in suspending him indefinitely. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) (Public Law 101-476)
This act renames and replaces Public Law 94-142 (EAHCA) and establishes "people first" language for referring to people with disabilities. Extends special education services to include social work, assistive technology, and rehabilitation services and extends provisions for due process and confidentiality for students and parents. -
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) (Public Law 101-476)
ADA prohibited discrimination against people with disabilities in the private sector. Protecting equal opportunity to employment and public services, accommodations, transportation, and telecommunications. This also included and defined disability to people with AIDS.
https://dreamscapefoundation.org/what-is-the-americans-with-disabilities-act/?gclid=EAIaIQobChMIqMSPzPew5AIVQeDICh3EBgUSEAAYASAAEgLBTPD_BwE -
No Child Left Behind Act
The No Child Let Behind Act authorizes several federal educational programs that are administrated by the states. The law held schools accountable for how children learned and achieved. The objective was to level the playing field for students who were at a disadvantage. This also included the children of minorities, living in poverty, those receiving special education services and those who speak and understand little to no English. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Qk00niNQwA&t=189s -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEIA) (Public Law 108-446)
To ensure that all children with disabilities have availability to free appropriate public education, which emphasizes special education and related services designed to meet unique needs and prepare them for further education, employment and independent living. This Act also allows RTI models to determine presence of a learning disability and no longer requires use the severe discrepancy model. Eliminates IEP short-term objectives for some students.
