-
Republican Warren G. Harding took office as the 29th president of the United States.
(Freidel, F. B. The presidents of the United States of America) -
Benito Mussolini rose to power in Italy in 1922. He led the fascist movement in Italy and allied with Adolf Hitler in the second world war.
(Benito Mussolini. https://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/benito-mussolini#:~:text=Originally%20a%20revolutionary%20socialist%2C%20he,to%20prop%20up%20his%20leadership.) -
Republican Calvin Coolidge took office in 1923 as the 30th president of the United States.
(Freidel, F. B. The presidents of the United States of America) -
Joseph Stalin controlled the Bolsheviks in 1924 after Vladimir Lenin died. He became dictator of the Soviet Union in 1929.
(Joseph Stalin. https://www.history.com/topics/russia/joseph-stalin) -
"The Jazz Singer" was the first movie with synchronized moving pictures and audio. It marked the end of the silent-film era.
(Pfeiffer, L. The Jazz Singer. https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Jazz-Singer-film-1927) -
Charles Lindbergh competed the first solo, nonstop flight across the Atlantic Ocean. His journey began at Roosevelt Field in New York, and took him all the way to Le Bourget Field in Paris, 33.5 hours later.
(Charles Lindbergh completes the first solo, nonstop transatlantic flight. https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/lindbergh-lands-in-paris -
On September 4, 1929, stock prices quickly began declining until the stock market crash on October 29, 1929, (Black Tuesday). It would devastate the American economy until World War II began in Europe.
(The Great Depression Begins. https://www.iowapbs.org/iowapathways/mypath/great-depression-begins-1920s) -
Republican Herbert Hoover took office in 1929 as the 31st president of the United States.
(Freidel, F. B. The presidents of the United States of America) -
Japan invaded the Chinese province of Manchuria in 1931, searching for raw materials for its growing industry. The U.S. criticized Japanese aggression, but did not stop it.
(Invasion of Manchuria. https://www.trumanlibrary.gov/education/presidential-inquiries/invasion-manchuria) -
Adolf Hitler was appointed chancellor of Germany in 1933 following a series of victories by the Nazis. He ruled with absolute power until his death in 1945.
(How Did Hitler Happen?. https://www.nationalww2museum.org/war/articles/how-did-hitler-happen#:~:text=Adolf%20Hitler%20was%20appointed%20chancellor,rally%20in%20Nuremburg%20in%201928.) -
Democrat Franklin Delano Roosevelt took office in 1933 as the 32nd president of the United States.
(Freidel, F. B. The presidents of the United States of America) -
The Emergency Banking Act was signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on March 9, 1933, aimed at restoring American banks. The legislation shut the banks down for a "bank holiday" and slowed the rate of Americans withdrawing their money. It was the first step in FDR's "New Deal" against the Great Depression.
(Emergency Banking Act of 1933. https://www.federalreservehistory.org/essays/emergency-banking-act-of-1933) -
The National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933 established the National Recovery Administration, which guaranteed workers a right to collective bargaining.
(National Industrial Recovery Act (1933). https://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=false&doc=66) -
The Social Security Act established a system of benefits for elderly workers and other groups of people.
(Social Security Act (1935). https://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=false&doc=68) -
On September 1, 1939, German forces under the control of the Nazi party invaded Poland, beginning the second world war.
(Germany Invades Poland. https://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=false&doc=68) -
German forces under the control of the Nazi party invaded the Soviet Union in June of 1941. Hitler had wanted to quickly cripple Russia, but Stalin was able to slow down the surprise attack and the Germans retreated.
(Invasion of the Soviet Union, June 1941. https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/invasion-of-the-soviet-union-june-1941) -
The Japanese launched a surprise attack on Pearl Harbor in Hawaii on December 7, 1941, in an attack that killed 2,403 Americans. This would be the cause of the U.S. joining the second world war in Europe.
(Attack on Pearl Harbor- 1941. https://www.atomicheritage.org/history/attack-pearl-harbor-1941)