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Brought post-Civil War reconstruction to an end in the South
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Strikes held on July 20, 1877 in Baltimore and on July 21, 1877 in Pittsburgh to protest the 10% pay cuts issued and the change in operating rules issued by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroads.
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Authorized the Federal government to breakup tribal lands into individual plots. Each family head received 160 acres and only those Native American Indians who accepted the individual allotments were allowed to become U.S. citizens.
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Second shortest serving President of the U.S. assassinated by a disgruntled constituent
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Took office upon the assassination of President Garfield
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First significant law restricting Chinese immigrants into the U.S. for 10 years
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First Democrat elected after the Civil War and the only President in American history to serve two non-consecutive terms in office
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organized group of skilled workers into national unions whose purpose was aimed at gaining shorter hours, higher wages, and better working conditions.
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Landmark case in which the U.S. Supreme court upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation. The case established the idea of "separate but equal."
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300,000 and 500,000 workers struck across the country protesting poor working conditions and long hours.
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Labor protest rally near Chicago's HayMarket Square in response to Chicago police's action during a strike at McCormick Reaper works. After a bomb was thrown at a group of policemen, policemen respond with gunfire killing eight people.
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Established the Federal government's right to oversee railroad activities. Required railroads to submit annual reports to the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC)
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Republican elected President supported protective tariffs and introduced the McKinley tariff
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Increased the rates for many manufactured goods while it placed items such as sugar and coffee on the free list; and raised the average duty on imports from 38% to 50%. The goal of the tariff was to protect domestic industries from foreign competition.
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First Federal Anti-Trust law enacted to maintain free competition in business and made it a crime to monopolize any part of trade or commerce.
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adopted in response to pressures from mine-owners who were concerned about the falling prices of silver and the Western farmers suffering from depressed pricing of their products. The Act required the Secretary of the Treasury to purchase 4,500,000 ounces of silver each month at market price.
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resulted when the Carnegie Steel Company announced it would no longer deal with the nation's strongest trade union, the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers. After the union refused to accept the new conditions of production demands, the steel company locked workers out and by July 2nd all workers were discharged.
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nominated former Civil War general James B. Weaver as their Presidential candidate at the party's first national convention in Omaha, Nebraska.
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Began with the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad went bankrupt; which led to bank failures, the halting of construction, steel companies collapsed, factories closed, and unemployment soared.
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Workers in George Pullman's Pullman car factories struck when he cut wages by a quarter but did not lower the rent and cost of utilities on company housing
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Assassinated six months into his second term on September 14, 1901.
