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the nineteenth amendment
Women are given the right to vote when the 19th Amendment to the United States constitution grants universal women's suffrage. -
quota system
A national quota system on the amount of incoming immigrants was established by the United States Congress in the Emergency Quota Act, curbing legal immigration. -
peace from ww1
A Congressional resolution by both houses is signed by President Warren G. Harding, declaring peace in World War I hostilities with Germany, Austria, and Hungary. The treaties would be executed one month later. -
Teapot Dome
The Teapot Dome scandal begins when the U.S. Secretary of the Interior leases the Teapot Oil Reserves in Wyoming. -
Immigration laws
Congress passes a new immigration law with even more restrictive quotas than those established by a temporary act two years earlier. Japanese immigrants are barred completely while Canadians and Mexicans remain exempted from the quotas. -
president candidates
The national political parties hold conventions to nominate presidential and vice-presidential candidates for the upcoming elections. The Republican Party nominates Coolidge and Charles G. Dawes; the Democrats, John W. Davis and Charles W. Bryan; and the Progressives, Robert La Follette and Burton K. Wheeler. -
Dawes plan
The Dawes Plan is signed by the United States, France, Great Britain, Italy, and Belgium to solve the German reparations problem and to end the occupation of the Ruhr by French and Belgium troops. Overseen by Secretary of State Charles Evans Hughes, the plan was drawn up by Coolidge's running-mate, Charles G. Dawes, and based the reparations schedule on what Germany could pay rather than on what she could be forced to pay. For his part, Dawes would win the Nobel Peace Prize the following year. -
Calvin Coolidge
Coolidge wins the election easily with 382 electoral votes -
President Coolidge
Coolidge is inaugurated President in his first elected term. The following day, Frank B. Kellogg is named Secretary of State, replacing Charles Evans Hughes, who had resigned two months earlier. A lawyer by training, Kellogg had previously served as a senator from Minnesota and ambassador to Great Britain. -
Isle of Pines Treaty
The Isle of Pines Treaty is finally ratified by the Senate. Pending since 1904, the treaty recognizes Cuban possession of the Isle of Pines. -
KKK
The Ku Klux Klan holds a massive political demonstration in Washington, D.C. Possibly the largest Klan parade in history, around 40,000 men and women march down Pennsylvania Avenue decked out in their white Klan robes, a scene which reflects the group's resurgence during the 1920s. -
Revenue Act
Coolidge signs the Revenue Act into law, with the goal of cutting the size of the Federal government, the Act reduces income taxes as well as other duties. -
France and the U.S
France and the United States sign an agreement that eventually cancels sixty percent of the French debt from the Great War. -
North Pole
Rear Admiral Richard E. Byrd and Floyd Bennett make the first successful flight over the North Pole. -
Flying
The Air Commerce Act is passed by Congress. While the federal government already subsidized airmail, this act gave the Commerce Department regulatory powers over sectors of the aviation industry, such as the licensing of pilots and aircrafts. -
The presidents cabinet
The Supreme Court rules that the President has the right to remove cabinet members at his own discretion. The ruling nullifies the 1868 Tenure of Office Act, which required consent of the Senate in order to restrict the powers of President Andrew Johnson during Reconstruction. -
U.S Canada and Britain
The United States and Canada establish diplomatic relations independent of Britain. -
Lindbergh
Charles A. Lindbergh completes the first transatlantic flight, traversing the distance from New York to Paris in his monoplane, the Spirit of St. Louis, in less than thirty-four hours. A year later, Amelia Earhart will become the first woman to make the flight. -
Sacco and Vanzetti
Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti are executed in Massachusetts for their alleged 1920 murder of a factory guard, despite protests that the two men had been unfairly prosecuted for their radical beliefs. -
Jazz
The first "talkie," The Jazz Singer, starring Al Jolson, is released. -
Pictures
The advent of talking pictures emerges. Al Jolson in the Jazz Singer debuts in New York City. -
Amelia Earhart
Amelia Earhart becomes the first woman to fly over the Atlantic Ocean. -
Joseph T. Robinson
The Democratic Party nominates Alfred E. Smith for President and Joseph T. Robinson for vice president. A Catholic, Smith will have his loyalty questioned during the campaign as religious prejudice plays a key role in the election. -
Richard E. Byrd
Richard E. Byrd begins the first leg of his flight to the South Pole in Antarctica. Reaching the pole in November, Byrd explores and studies the continent for the next twenty years. -
Hoover
Hoover wins the presidential election in an apparent landslide, 444 electoral votes to Smith's 87. In fact, the popular vote shows a much closer race, with 21,392,000 for Hoover and 15,016,000 for Smith. -
teapot dome ends
November 1, 1929 - The Teapot Dome scandal comes to a close when Albert B. Fall, the former Secretary of the Interior, is convicted of accepting a $100,000 bribe for leasing the Elk Hills naval oil reserve. He is sentenced to one year in jail and a $100,000 fine.
