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McKinley Tariff
permitted all countries to ship sugar duty-free to the United States; it also gave sugar producers in the U.S. a subsidy of two cents per pound. Ended Hawaii's favored position in the sugar trade. -
Teller Amendment
resolution stating that the United States did not intend to take over and annex Cuba -
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Spanish American War
Four-month conflict between Spain and the United States, provoked by word of Spanish colonial brutality in Cuba. Although the war was largely brought by the efforts of US expansionists, many Americans supported the idea of freeing an oppressed people controlled by the Spanish. At war's end, America emerged victorious with newly acknowledged respect as a world power. -
Annexation of Hawaii
came with the election of President William McKinley despite opposition of most of Hawaii's population. Hawaii later became the 50th state in 1959. -
Annexation of the Philippines
the war with Spain proved costly for Spain and they soon surrendered; Spain then gave up control of the Philippines in return for a US payment of $20 million. -
The Boxer Rebellion
revolt in which Chinese nationalists known as boxers attacked foreigners in order to end foreign involvement in China's affairs, put down by an international force after two months. -
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US and the Panama Canal
United States wanted to cut travel time between the Caribbean and the Pacific. Panama was included in the Republic of Columbia. Columbia would not ratify the treaty that would lease the US land across the isthmus. Panama was later declared an independent nation and a new treaty with the US was negotiated. The building of the canal began. -
Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty
Agreement that gave the United States sovereignty over a 10-mile-wide canal zone across the isthmus of Panama -
Roosevelt Corollary
President Theodore Roosevelt's addition to the Monroe doctrine; stated that the United States would police affairs in the western hemisphere to keep Europeans from intervening in the region -
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Dollar Diplomacy
President William Howard Taft's policy of influencing Latin American affairs through economic influence rather than military. -
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The Great White Fleet
popular nickname for the United States Navy battle fleet that completed a circumnavigation of the globe by order of President Theodore Roosevelt; Roosevelt sought to demonstrate growing American military power and blue-water navy capability