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Used stars to navigate the seas.
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Greek geographer
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Made a school that teaches Portugees sailors to navigate.
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Observed the Gulf Stream
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Maped ocean currents and winds.
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1st expedition organized specifically to gather data on a wide range of ocean features, including ocean temperatures seawater chemistry, currents, marine life, and the geology of the seafloor. Started in December just before Christmas and lasted to May, four years later.
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Sound navigtion used to map ocean floor.
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Diving vesal the first bathysphere was devised by Otis Barton in 1928 and designed by Captain John H. J. Butler