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Albert Einstein Publishes his Theory of Relativity. Which states that the amount that gravity pulls in one direction, it accelerates in another.
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Edwin Hubble, who had been working at the Mount Wilson Observatory, estimated the value of the expansion factor, which is now called Hubble's constant. This constant is used to determine the distance to nearby galaxies.
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George Gamow showed that the universe began from an explosion, and that leftover warmth from this primeval explosion still filled the universe.
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Fred Hoyle beleived in the theory that opposed the Big Bang theory which was called the steady state theory. It was at first ment to be a put-down when he first used it scornfully in a radio talk show.
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Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson were tuning a small but powerful horn antena for radion astronomy experiments when the heard a constant underlaying static that they could not get to go away. It was later figured out to be the mark of the Big Bang
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Alan Guth came up with the Inflation Theory, which states that energy feilds speed up causing space and time to speed up which causes space and tie to speed up, which inflates the Universe.
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The Cosmic Background Explorer was sent into space with three instruments, the DIRBE which searches for cosmic infra-red background radiation, the DMR which maps the cosmic microwave background radiation precicly. The FIRAS compares the cosmic microwave background radiation with that from a precise blackbody.
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The Huble Space telescope was put into orbt by the space shuttle. It is used to take pictures of deep space, so we can see what is there. This allows us to see the structure of the universe.
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The Sloan Digital Sky Survey is used to obtain deep multi-color images that cover more than a quarter of the sky. It also creates 3-demensional maps that contain more than 930,000 galaxies
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The W-map probe is a NASA explorer. It wa launched to provide information on what makes up the universe. It determined that only 4% of the universe is made up of atoms. The rest is made up of dark matter and dark energy.
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The hadron collider makes protons hurl towards one another at 99.999999% the speed of light. The goal is to recreate the few moments durring te Big Bang to better understand what happened and why matter prevaled over anti-mater and where dark mater comes from.
