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Communism
Communism is when all property is owned by the public and the people are eventually merged into one, equal class in society. This form of government was first introduced by a man named Karl Marx in the 19th century. Communists parties were present in both Germany and Italy during WWII. Russia became communist during WWII, even though they were part of the Allied powers. http://www.howstuffworks.com/communism.htm -
Start of Soviet Union/Stalin gains power
The USSR was founded by the Bolshevik Party, who included and was led by Vladimir Lenin and then by Joseph Stalin. Soviet communists carried out policies that involved limited capitalism, until Lenin, leader of the Bolsheviks, died in 1924. Stalin was a powerful secretary at the time, and him along with the communist party assumed leadership. Stalin began to eliminate opposing figures, and eventually seized power of Russia. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/129291/Communist-Party-of-the- -
Versailles Treaty
The treaty of Versailles was a peace treaty signed by Germany and the Allied powers that marked the end of World War I. One of the most important provision of the treaty was Germany accepting full blame for the war. In total, their reparations payed came to about 132 billion Marks (then $31.4 billion or £6.6 billion).http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/treaty_of_versailles.htm -
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The Weimar Republic
The Weimar Republic was Germany's new rupublic government formed in 1919. It was named after Weimar, a German city where the constitutional assembly took place. The official name of Germany at the time was the German Reich.http://www.barnsdle.demon.co.uk/hist/tyra.html -
Mussolini takes over
In the year of 1922, Mussolini becomes prime minister of Italy. His rise to power depended heavily on winning over the Catholic Church, who had a great influence on the people of in Italy at the time. He hired thugs to deal with critics and other opposing leaders, and was held responsible for the murder of leading member of the opposing party, the socialists. http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/mussolini_dictatorship.htm -
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Fascism in Italy/Germany
Fascism is a form of government in which the rulers have complete control over the country and the people in them, and can make laws that directly affect the people while securing their power. Mussolini this idealism when he became prime minister of Italy in 1922, and the Nazi party of Germany was undoubtably fascist as well. The policies associated with fascism can affect the people's rights or restrict them from opposing it. -
Beer Hall Putsch
An march that tried to revolutionize Germany, and was orchestrated by Adolf Hitler. The march occured in Munich, in a large Beer Hall able to accompany 2000 men. The march was a complete failure, resulting in sixteen Nazis and four policemen dead.http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/beer_hall_putsch_of_1923.htm -
Mein Kampf
Mein Kampf, or "My Struggle", was a novel written by Adolf Hitler during his time in prison after the Beer Hall Putsch. It is an autobiography that explains his political ideology and world views. It is a two-volume book, and was published in English in October 13th, 1933.http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/riseofhitler/kampf.htm http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Mein_Kampf -
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The Great Depression
Economic depression that was worldwide. It ended near the start of WWII, and originated in the U.S. Stock prices fell, families lost homes, and 1 in 4 people were out of work. The depression had numerous effects on Europe and Asia, because many of the countries' economies depended on the U.S. http://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/GreatDepression.html -
Japan's invasion of Manchuria and response of League of Nations
Manchuria, located on the eastern side of China, was invaded on September of 1931. Japan's population was increasing rapidly and the country was becoming over-crowded. Manchuria was large and would be the perfect place for these people to move to. It was also believed that Manchuria was rich in minerals and fertile soil. The League of Nations eventually demanded Japan to withdraw its troops after the invsion began, however Japan refused. http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/manchuria_1931.htm -
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Nazism (Germany)
Nazism is basically the German form of fascism, where the leaders of the goverment have complete control of the policies and laws made in Germany. These were mostly based on racist nationalism, state control of capital, businesses, and people's rights. It is also known as a totalitarian type of government, which means the leader(s) of the country have total control. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/407190/Nazi-Party -
Hitler becomes Chancellor
President Paul von Hindenburg names Adolf Hitler Chancellor of Germany. Hitler has been rising up in elections and the people were angered over the ecomony and downfall of Germany after WWI. He was a good speaker and managed to captivate them with http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/adolf-hitler-is-named-chancellor-of-germany -
Reichstag Fire
The Reichstag was the center of Nazi idealism. It was the building where debates, poitical scheming, and more took place. Hitler and his political partners came to the conclusion that the communists were responsible, because they feared they might lose the election. Hitler was furious, and wanted every one of them captured. Many of leaders of the communist party were tried and punished involment in the fire. http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/reichstag_fire_1933.htm -
Nuremberg Laws
The Nazi party announced new laws that would strip Jews of their citizenship and many rights in Germany. They were pinned with new forms of identification, Jewish businesses were taken and sold to non-Jews, and it was prohibited to marry someone who was Jewish. http://www.ushmm.org/outreach/en/article.php?ModuleId=10007695 -
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Italy invades Ethiopia and response of League of Nations
During the 19th century, much of Africa was dominated by Europe. Ethiopia was one of the few independant countries left, and Italy wanted to boost its power to compare it with that of other European powers like Britain, France, and Germany. Ethiopia had a much smaller military than Italy, and were also poorly trained. The reason for Italy not having any outside conflicts for invading Ethiopia was because members of the League of Nations did not show any real interest in interfering. http://www.b -
Sudetenland Appeasement
During Munich Conference, Adolf Hitler wanted Sudetenland, a part of Czechoslovakia. This was after the leaders of Britain, France, and Italy already agreed that Germany could occupy a portion of the country. Soon Hitler turned on this agrrement and wanted to occupy it entirely, and it was clear what his true intentions were. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/397522/Munich-Agreement -
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Munich Conference
A conference held by leaders of Britain, France, and Italy that allowed Germany to take over parts of Czechoslovakia. Adolf Hitler demanded Sudetenland, which is a part of Czechoslovakia. The leaders of the other countries gave in to his demands, hoping that Hitler would not ask for anything else. But just five months later, he broke this agreement and it was obvious that Hitler was trying to take over the entire country. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/397522/Munich-Agreement -
Kritallnacht
Also known as the "Night of Broken Glass", Nazis torched Jewish homes, vandalized synagogues and schools, which ended in nearly 100 Jews killed. Around 30,000 Jewish men were arrested and sent off to concentration camps. Prior to this incident, the Nazis wre relatively non-violent. http://www.history.com/topics/kristallnacht -
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Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact
By 1939, Hitler and nazi Germany was prepared for war. However they could not fight a two-front war, on both the east and west side of Germany. To prevent this, Germany signed a pact with Soviet Russia which assured that the two countries would not attack eachother. By signing this, Germany could invade Poland without having to worry about Russia stepping in. http://history1900s.about.com/od/worldwarii/a/nonaggression.htm -
Invasion of Poland
Germany had invaded Poland within just a few weeks. They had bombarded Polish defenses with planes, tanks, and attacks from all directions. Britain and France declared war on Germany two days after the invasion, and the Soviet Union invaded the eastern side of Poland on September 17. The country remained occupied by Germany until January of 1945. http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10005070
