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Period: to
WW1
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Archduke Franz Ferdinand assassination
In Bosnia, Franz Ferdinand was having a parade for himself, when the first assassination attempt occurred ( it was a bomb). He decided to continue around Bosnia and act like nothing happened. Later one through the parade, the driver took a wrong turn, where a Black Hand member was. The assassin was trained with how to use a gun and a bomb, although he did not do the first assassination attempt.This wrong turn led to him being shot, killing both him and his wife. He was drunk when he shot Franz. -
Austria- Hungary Declared War on Serbia
Austria-Hungary felt like their monarchy was being made fun of, so they needed to assert dominance on the people around them after the death of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. Germany kept convincing Autria- Hungary to declare war on Serbia for what they did. Franz Joseph felt this was the only way to honor his dynasty and he wanted to stop Serbian nationalism. He officially delcares war on Serbia, starting the WW1. -
Germany declares war
Germany was ready for the war because they have been having an ongoing feud with many countries. They saw Austria- Hungary declare war and thought it was their turn. Germany first declared war on Russia on August 1st, 1914 and a few days later Germany declared war on France August 3rd, 1914. France knew that Germany would soon attack them so they were ready. Both countries hoped this would officially put an end to their feud over the years. -
Britian Joins the War
After the assassination attempt on Franz Ferdinand, Britain was in shock. They saw different countries start declaring war on each other and many people believed that Britain should not get involved. The government was divided on whether or not to join the war but due to the pressure by Germany and France to join the War to help them out. They ultimately decided to declare war on Germany. -
The Lustiania sunk
One of the Germans U-Boat shot a passenger ship filled with 123 Americans. This led to America giving Germany a warning telling them not to mess with their people or they will get involved in the war. Many people thought this violated the conventions of war. People were enraged and encouraged Americans to join the war, but they decided to stay neutral. Although Germany thought it was just a cargo ship importing food into Great Britain, America did not take it lightly. -
Italy Joins the War
At the start of WW1 Italy decided to stay neutral and did not want to get involved, but they wanted to do something. The government decided to give out options of what would be beneficial to them if they did join. Italy officially declares war on Austria - Hungary joining the side of Britain, France, and Russia. The Allies promised Italy more land if they joined their side. Italy started their own trenches on mountains which made it a lot more difficult for them. -
The Battle of Verdun
The Battle was between France and Germany. Germany used Total War, which made the Battle be known for being the longest and bloodiest Battle of WW1. The Germans purpose of the attack was to drain the French of bombs, ammo, and resources. It became the longest because both the French and Germans kept leaving them coming back later to start the battle again. Then in the end, no one ended up winning this battle. -
The Somme
The British launched an attack in the Somme River area to pull the German troops away from Verdun. Due to this, many casualties occurred with Britain suffering the most with 19,000 deaths on the first day of fighting. Both sides lost over 1 million deaths at the end of the 5 month battle. This battle left the land that we know today as damaged due to the amount of shells used. -
The Zimmerman Telegram
Germany at the start was stopping the British Isles from importing goods into America which led to more tension from America. Then Germany sent a telegram wanting Mexico to join the War if the United States joined. Germany offered Mexico American land if they ended up winning. The United States found out the coded message and was inflamed. On April 6,1917 officially declared war on Germany. America helped the other allies opposing Germany and led them to victory on November 11,1918. -
Russia withdrew from the War
Russia went into the War without any training which made them lose a significant amount of lives. They left due to the Bolshevik Revolution. The Bolshevik took power in November 1917 and they wanted to win the civil war against their domestic opponents. They also already knew Germany would eventually fall. But Russia leaving the War made the whole Eastern front disappear. This made Germany launch a new offensive on the western front. This allowed Germany to get 40 miles into Paris. -
America Joins the war
At the start of the war, America remained neutral to all the fighting. But after Germany had violated 2 of the warnings ( To control their U-Boats, and Germany sent a letter to Mexico), President Wilson thought they needed to join the war. They declared war on Germany, making them an ally with Austria- Hungary, Britain, and France. America ended up ending the war on November 7,1917. -
Armistice
This was the official end to all the fighting happening in WW1. The effect of WW1 was 9 million deaths, millions of refugees, and poor living conditions. They also added 9 new nations to the map of Europe. Finland, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Poland, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Estoria. There were millions of dollars in damages and some new countries could not maintain colonies and all the allies that helped wanted payback. -
The Big Four
Woodrow Wilson ( The United States of America), David Lloyd- George ( Great- Britain), Geirges Clemenceau ( France ), and Vittorio Orlando ( Italy). They met in Paris to agree on terms following the War. It is known as the Paris Peace conference, where all the countries in the War came together but the USA, Britain, France and Italy did the most work to fix the problem. This conference led to the Treaty of Versailles. -
Treaty of Versailles
This treaty officially ended World War 1. This also ended the state war of Germany against the Allied powers. This comes after 5 years of the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdniand, which was the start to the war. Though people mix up the Armistice with the treaty; Armistice only ended the fighting while the Treaty of Versailles ended the whole war. Germany was not allowed to attend, but other people part of the Central Powers signed different treaties. -
War Guilt Clause
Germany was declared as the one responsible for starting the War. Germany agreed to pay for ALL the damages caused by armies during the War and there were 6.6 million dollars in damage they had to pay for. They demilitarized Germany by having limited Army to 100,000, no more sub/ U-Boats, no tanks, no planes, and no troops on the Rhineland. This left many Germans mad, they thought they didn’t deserve this. This would later be considered what started WW2.