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The Weimar Republic is the name given to the federal republic established in Germany in 1919 to replace the imperial form of government.
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Hitler became the leader of the Nazi party in Germany after he announced his resignation from the Nazi Party in July 1921 with the conditon that he would not return to the Party unless he was made chairman and given dictatorial powers.
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A conference called by President Harding that resulted in three major treaties: the Four-Power Treaty, the Five-Power Treaty, and the Nine-Power Treaty which preserved peace during the 1920s
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The Five-Power Treaty was a treaty among the major nations that had won World War I in which the nations agreed to prevent an arms race by limiting naval construction.
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The Four-Power Treaty was a treaty signed by the United States, Great Britain, France, and Japan that was aimed at respecting the Pacific holdings of the other countries signing the agreement.
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The Nine Power Treaty was signed in 1922 by the US, Belgium, China, France, Portugal, Italy, the Netherlands, and England in order to protect relations with China.
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Joseph Stalin was appointed General secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1922 after the Bolshevik Revolution.
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Benito Mussolini was an Italian politician, journalist, and leader of the National Fascist Party, who ruled Italy as Prime Minister from 1922 until his ousting in 1943.
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An American-sponsored plan for rescheduling German reparations payments that temporarily eased the international debt crisis of the 1920s
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Mein Kampf was an autobiographical book written Adolf Hitler, in which he outlined his political ideology and his future plans for Germany.
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Hirohito was the 124th Emperor of Japan who reigned from 1926 until 1989 during a time of Japanese imperial expansion, militarization, and involvement in World War II.
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The Kellogg–Briand Pact was an international agreement in which the nations invovled promised not to wage war on one another except for defensive purposes.
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The Stock Market crashed in the U.S. on October 29, 1929, also known as Black Tuesday, when stock prices collapsed because almost everyone who owned stocks was selling them, and nearly no one was buying stocks.
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Japan invaded Manchuria in 1931 and established a puppet state there called Manchukuo.
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The Stimson Doctrine was a government note to Japan and China of non-recognition of international territorial changes that were executed by force.
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The Holocaust refers to the period of time between when Adolf Hitler became chancellor of Germany and when the war in Europe officially ended, during which Jews in Europe were subjected to progressively harsher persecution that ultimately led to the murder of 6,000,000 Jews.
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In January 1933, German President Paul von Hindenburg named Adolf Hitler, the leader of the German Nazi Party, as chancellor of Germany.
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President Franklin D. Roosevelt created The New Deal during his first term in office which created a series of domestic programs meant to combat the causes and effects of the Great Depression.
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Roosevelt introduced his Good Neighbor Policy during his inaugural address in 1933 in an effort to denounce past U.S. interventionism and to subdue any fears of Latin Americans.
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Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected to his first term as President in 1933 during the worst economic situation in U.S. history.
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The London Economic Conference was a meeting of representatives of 66 nations for the purpose of creating an agreement on measures to fight global depression, revive international trade, and stabilize currency exchange rates between nations.
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FDR wanted the United States to formally recognize the Soviet Union in order to limit Japanese expansion into Asia and to create trade agreements that would benefit America.
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In the Pan-American Conference, the United States promises not to intervene in Latin America again and endorses the "Good Neighbor" policy.
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The Tydings–McDuffie Act was a United States federal law which provided for Filipino independence.
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The Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act provided for the negotiation of tariff agreements between the United States and other nations, particularly those in Latin America.
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The Neutrality Acts were passed by Congress in the 1930s in response to the growing turmoil in Europe and Asia, and they sought to keep the United States out of foreign conflicts.
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Italy invaded in African nation of Ethiopia in October 1935 resulting in the military occupation of Ethiopia.
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Hitler defied the terms of the Treaty of Versailles when he ordered for the remilitarization of the Rhineland by the German Army.
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Hitler defied the Treaty of Versailles by sending German military forces into the Rhineland, a demilitarized zone in western Germany.
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Spanish dictator Francisco Franco rose to power during the Spanish Civil War when, with the help of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy, his Nationalist forces were able to overthrow the democratic Second Republic.
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This agreement between Italy and Germany informally linked the two fascist countries together.
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Japan began an all-out war against the China after the bombing of Pearl Harbor, that became part of World War 2.
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The Quarantine Speech, President Franklin D. Roosevelt, called for an international quarantine of the aggressor nations as an alternative to the previous political climate of American neutrality.
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The Rape of Nanking, was an episode of mass murder and mass rape where tens of thousands of Chinese civilians were murdered by soldiers of the Imperial Japanese Army.
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The Anschluss was the occupation and annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany in 1938.
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In 1938, the leaders of Nazi Germany, Great Britain, France, and Italy signed an agreement that allowed the Nazis to annex the Sudetenland.
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Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, Edouard Daladier, and Neville Chamberlain signed the Munich Pact for the purpose of appeasing Adolf Hitler by giving Czechoslovakia to Germany.
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Kristallnacht was a series of coordinated attacks against Jews throughout Nazi Germany and parts of Austria in November 1938.
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Hitler's forces invaded and occupied Czechoslovakia, which was eventually given to Germany by the Munich Pact in a vain attempt to prevent Germany's imperial aims.
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Representatives from Germany and the Soviet Union signed the Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact before World War Two which guaranteed that the two countries would not attack each other.
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On Sept. 1, 1939, 1.5 million German troops invaded Poland by air and land destroying railroads and communications stations, and killing enemies with explosives and guns.
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The Sitzkrieg refers to the early phase of World War Two that was marked by a lack of major military operations by the Allies against the German Reich.
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Winston Churchill replaced Neville Chamberlain as British prime minister following Chamberlain's resignation after losing a vote of confidence in the House of Commons.
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Auschwitz concentration camp was a network of concentration and extermination camps built during World War II in response to Hitler's Final Solution.
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The Dunkirk evacuation was the evacuation of Allied soldiers from the beaches and harbour of Dunkirk, France during World War Two.
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The Battle of Britain was an air campaign waged by the German Air Force against the United Kingdom that resulted in a Decisive British victory.
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In September 1940, the United States and Britain signed the Destroyers for Bases Deal in which fifty destroyers were transferred from the United States Navy to Britain in exchange for United States land rights to British forts.
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Germany, Italy, and Japan became allies with the signing of the Tripartite Pact in Berlin which provided for mutual assistance in the event of an attack by any nation not already involved in the war.
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In the Election of 1940, Franklin D. Roosevelt ran for a third term and defeated Republican candidate Wendell Willkie.
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The Four Freedoms were goals articulated by United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt proposed four fundamental freedoms in his Four Freedoms speech that he thought people throughout the world were entitled to; these freedoms were freedom of speech, freedom of worship, freedom from want, and freedom from fear.
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The Lend-Lease Act provided that the president could ship weapons, food, or equipment to any country whose struggle against the Axis Powers assisted U.S. defense.
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Operation Barbarossa was the name for Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II.
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The Atlantic Chater was an agreement between Britain and the United States issued early in World War Two that defined the Allied goals for the post-war world.
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The Office of Price Administration was established by Executive Order 8875 to control money and rents after the outbreak of World War II.
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President Roosevelt issued an order to the U.S. Navy to shoot German and Italian warships in the west Atlantic on sight in respose to months of German and Italian attacks on United States merchant ships.
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The attack on Pearl Harbor was an attack on the United States by the Imperial Japanese Navy that led the United States into World War II.
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President Roosevelt formally requested the declaration of war in his Infamy Speech, addressed to a joint session of Congress on December 8, the day after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.
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Hitler enacter the Final Solution on December 12, 1941 when he addressed a meeting of the Nazi Party and of regional party leaders about his plan to systematically exterminate the Jewish people in Nazi-occupied Europe.
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The first Washington Conference was a meeting between Winston Churchill and Franklin Roosevelt in which they made a series of decisions that shaped the Allied war effort between 1942 and 1943.
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The War Production Board United States agency that supervised the production of war goods during World War II.
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The Double V Campaign was an African American movement started by James G. Thompson that worked towards victory over fascism abroad and victory over discrimination at home.
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Japanese American internment was the internment of Japanese Americans in relocation camps on the Pacific coast of the United States during World War Two that began when President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066.
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In a simple statement to reporters shortly after his escape from Corregidor and arrival in Australia, MacArthur promises to return to the Philippines.
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The Bataan Death March was the forcible transfer of Filipino and American prisoners of war by the Japanese Army after the Battle of Bataan.
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The government payed companies extra money for war goods in order to speed up the production of war materials.
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The Doolittle Raid was a United States air raid on Japan, and it was the first air raid to strike the Japanese Home Islands.
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The Battle of the Coral Sea was a major naval battle in the Pacific Theater between the Imperial Japanese Navy and naval and air forces from the United States and Australia which was the first battle in history in which all fighting was done via aircraft carriers.
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On May 12, 1942, President Roosevelt signed an order creating a secret project to develop the nuclear weapon which later became known as the Manhattan Project
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The Battle of Midway, fought near the island of Midway in the Central Pacific, is considered the turning point of the war in the Pacific after which the Allies took the offensive.
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The First Battle of El Alamein was a battle of the Western Desert Campaign fought on the northern coast of Egypt that resulted in a tactical stalemate, but halted a second advance by the Axis forces into Egypt.
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The Battle of Stalingrad was a major battle of World War Two in which Nazi Germany and its allies fought the Soviet Union for control of the city of Stalingrad and which resulted in a decisive Soviet victory.
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The Battle of Guadalcanal was the first major offensive by Allied forces against the Empire of Japan.
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Islandhopping was the military strategy employed by the Allies in the Pacific Campaign of World War Two for the purpose of bypassing heavily fortified Japanese positions.
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Operation Torch was name given to the British-American invasion of French North Africa during the North African Campaign of World War Two.
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Vichy France was the regime of Marshal Philippe Pétain that ruled France during World War II from the German victory in the Battle of France to the Allied liberation in August 1944.
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The Casablanca Conference was a meeting of Franklin D. Roosevelt, Winston Churchill, Generals Charles de Gaulle, and Henri Giraud which adressed tactical procedure and diplomatic policy and created the idea of unconditional surrender.
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Norman Rockwell, is generally credited with creating “Rosie the Riveter”, who appeared on the cover of the May 29th,1943 edition of The Saturday Evening Post and whose image was used to encourage women to become wartime workers.
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The Smith–Connally Act allowed the federal government to seize and operate industries threatened by strikes that would interfere with war production,
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On July 10, 1943, the Allies begin their invasion of Axis-controlled Europe with landings on the island of Sicily under British Field Marshal Bernard Law Montgomery and American General George S. Patton.
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The Tehran Conference was a meeting held between Joseph Stalin, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Winston Churchill that addressed relations between the Allies and Turkey and Iran, operations in Yugoslavia, and post-war settlement.
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Operation Overlord was the code name for the Battle of Normandy, in which the Allies launched an invasion on German-occupied western Europe.
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Kamikaze pilots were military aviators from Japan who commited suicide attacks against Allied warships in the closing stages of the Pacific campaign of World War Two.
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The Battle of Leyte was the invasion of the Gulf of Leyte in the Philippines during the Pacific campaign of World War Two that was carried out by American and Filipino guerrilla forces under the command of General Douglas MacArthur.
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The Battle of the Bulge was the last major Nazi offensive against the Allies in World War Two that was lauched by Hitler as a last ditch attempt to split the Allies in two in their drive towards Germany.
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On January 20, 1945, FDR was inaugurated to his fourth term after defeating Republican cadidate Thomas E. Dewey.
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The Yalta Conference was a meeting of Franklin D. Roosevelt, Winston Churchill, and Joseph Stalin for the purpose of discussing Europe's post-war reorganization.
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The Battle of Iwo Jima was a major battle during the Pacfic campaign of World War Two in which the United States fought for and captured the island of Iwo Jima from the Japanese Empire.
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The Battle of Okinawa, fought on the Ryukyu Islands of Okinawa, was the largest assault in the Pacific War and resulted in an Allied victory.
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Mussolini and many other ministers and officials of the Italian Social Republic were shot, kicked, spat upon, and hung from the roof of an Esso gas station after the end of the war.
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After being warned by officers that the Russians were only a day or so from overtaking the chancellery, Hitler consumed a cyanide capsule and then shot himself with a pistol on April 30, 1945.
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Nazi Germany surrendered on May 7th, 1945, thus bringing an end to World War Two in Europe.
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Victory in Europe Day was celebrated on May 8, 1945 to mark the date of Nazi Germany's unconditional surrender to the Allies in World War Two.
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The United Nations Charter is the treaty that established the United Nations.
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At the Potsdam Conference, Stalin, Churchill, and Truman met to decide how to administer punishment to the defeated Nazi Germany,
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The United States utilizes the first atomic weapon in history when it drops an atomic bomb on Hiroshima, which led to the Japanese surrender in World War Two.
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In August 1945, the United States dropped a second atomic bomb on Japan at Nagasaki resulting in Japan's unconditional surrender.
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Victory over Japan Day was a name chosen to describe the day on which Japan surrendered, in effect ending World War II.
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Japan formally surrendered to the Allies on September 2, 1945 on board the battleship USS Missouri.
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The Nuremberg trials were a series of 13 trials held by the Allied forces after World War Two for the purpose of bringing Nazi war criminals to justice.
