-
Period: to
Treaty Of Versailles
the treaty that ended WWI and put harsh restrictions on Germany. -
Fascism in Italy
- stronger leaders are wanted by the middle and upper class
- nationalism takes place in Italy
- when Benito Mussolini is in power many fear of economic collapse and communism
-
Creation Of Soviet Union
it is established by V.I. Lenin after the civil war -
Takeover Of Joseph Stalin
After Lenin died Stalin took over as the leader of the Soviet Union.
- private farms are replaced with collectives
- millions are killed by famines
- second largest industrial power
- 8-13 million people are purged as a result of threatening Stalin's power
- became a totalitarian government -
Period: to
Fall of The League
- Japan quits the League after the seize of Manchuria
- 1933 Hitler quits League
- 1935 the League fails to stop invasion of Ethopia
-
Takeover Of Nazis
- racial purification enforced
- Hitler creates a private army which many join
- Nazis are the strongest political party
- Weimar Republic abandoned
- Hitler is named chancellor
-
Period: to
The Holocaust
-
Isolationism In America
-Neutrality Acts
-Backs away from foreign policy -
Period: to
Spanish Civil War
-General Fransisco Franco rebels against the Spanish Republic
-War begin
-Leads to Rome-Berlin Axis
-War is won by Franco -
Neutrality Breaks Down
-Japan attacks China
-Aid is sent to China from FDR
-Quarantine speech -
Germany takes over Austria and Sudetenland
-German troops takeover Austria
-Nobody does anything to stop Germany
- Munich Agreement is signed -
Jewish Refugees
-Jewish emigration
-France 40,000 refugees Britain 80,000 refugees, U.S. 100,000
-fear of enemy agents and strain economy -
Kristallnacht
-Night Of Broken Glass
-Nazis attack Jewish homes, businesses, synagogues, and schools
-about 100 deaths, many injured, 30,000 arrested -
War Comes To A Start
- March, Czechoslovakia completely taken over by Germany -Nonaggression pact signed -September, war in Poland -Poland is split between Germany and Soviet Union -France and Britain declares war
-
America Leaves Neutrality And Falls To War
- FDR persuades Congress to pass cash-and-carry -Axis Powers formed by mutual defense treaty -Selective Training and Service Act -Lend-Lease Act -Invasion on Soviet Union -Atlantic Charter -Pearl Harbor
-
Period: to
World War II
-
Fall Of France & Invasions
-Dunkirk
-Italy invades France
-Northern France taken up by Germany
-Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania annexed by Stalin
-Denmark and Norway invaded by Hitler -
The Battle Of Britain
-Hitler plans to invade
-German planes bomb British targets
-Britain uses technology to shoot down German planes
-Hitler does not invade Britain
-Both continue to bomb -
Period: to
Minorities in America
- Mexicans become U.S. citizens
- Some illegally immigrate and stay
- The Longoria Incident
- Native American land taken by others
- Bureau Of Indian Affairs and The Termination Policy
-
Final Solution
-genocide of "inferior" groups
-forced relocation
-concentration camps
-mass exterminations and death camps -
Period: to
The Manhattan Project
The secretive group that handled the development of nuclear weapons, specifically the atomic bomb, during World War II -
The U.S. in the Philippines
- General Douglas MacArthur commands the Allies in the Philippines
- U.S. and Filipino troops become trapped on Bataan Peninsula
- FDR commands MacArthur to leave, but thousands of troops have to stay
-
U.S. in Tokyo
- Lt. Col. James Doolittle commands the raid in Tokyo
- Bombing raid thought impossible, but proved more successful then predicted
- First bombing raid on Tokyo
-
Battle of the Coral Sea
- U.S. and Australian soldiers stop Japan before they could attack Australia
- The first time since Pearl Harbor that a Japanese offensive attack had been stopped
-
The Battle of Midway
- Admiral Chester Nimitz leads the American navy in the Pacific
- Allies win the battle, and develop the "island hopping" strategy of moving in on Japan island by island
- Turning point in the war against Japan
-
The Battle of Stalingrad
- Soviets defeat Germans
- Battle considered a turning point in the war
- Soviets begin to close in on Germany
-
The Casablanca Conference
- Held in Morocco
- Allies agree that they will only accept unconditional surrender from the Axis Powers
-
Teheran Conference
- Held in Iran
- Composed of the "Big Three" the U.S., Great Britain, and the Soviet Union
- Agreed to create a second battle front in Europe
- The Soviets agreed to enter the war against Japan once the Germans were defeated
-
The End to Fascism in Italy
- The Allies capture Sicily, and Mussolini is forced to resign
- Mussolini gets arrested, escapes, and is then killed
-
Battle of the Bulge
- Last offensive drive by Germany
- The Germans push back but have exponential losses
-
Liberation of the Death Camps
- Nazi concentration camps freed
- Evidence of killing found, along with malnourished prisoners
-
Readjustment and Recovery
- GI Bill of Rights
- First suburbs are built
- Economy changing
-
Bretton Woods and Dumbarton Oaks Conference
- made the framework for global cooperation after the war in peace and banking
-
GI Bill of Rights
- Also known as Servicemen's Readjustment Act
- paid for education, guaranteed loan for housing, provided unemployment insurance to World War II veterans
-
Korematsu v. United States
- After the U.S. army sent 110,000 Japanese Americans into prison camps, the court ruled in favor of the internment camps
- In 1988, Congress granted $20,000 to everyone sent to internment camps
-
D-Day
- A phantom army is set up, and the allies send fake radio signals to trick the Germans
- Eisenhower commands Allied invasion of Normandy
-
Potsdam Conference
-
Rise Of Cold War
-Truman sworn into presidency
-Opposite political systems
-Soviet Union becomes stronger
-Policy of Containment
-Iron Curtain -
Yalta Conference
- FDR, Churchill, Stalin meet to discuss post- war arrangements
- FDR and Churchill want to divide Germany into four parts temporarily
- Stalin promises free elections and to fight Japan
- FDR is supported on establishing the UN
-
Nuremberg Trials
- 24 Nazi commanders tried and found guilty
- Set a precedent that war leaders could be tried with crimes against humanity and that people are responsible for their actions during war
-
Period: to
The Cold War
Conflict between the U.S. and U.S.S.R. -
Period: to
Baby Boom
Birth rates increase immensely as soldiers return -
Truman Becomes President
-FDR dies and Truman upholds position -
V-E Day
- Victory in Europe Day
- Eisenhower accepts the unconditional surrender of the Germans
-
Hiroshima Bombing
- an important military center
- gets destroyed by bomb
- used in fear of war in Japan causing 1.5 million allied deaths
-
Nagaski Bombing
- Three days after the Hiroshima bombing and was used for the same purpose and reason
-
Japan surrenders
-
Workers Go On Strike
- higher prices and lower wages
- threatens to draft workers
-
Preventing Communism
-Truman Doctrine
-Marshall Plan
-Berlin Airlift
-NATO -
Fear of Communism in U.S.
-Federal Employee Loyalty Program
-House Un-American Activities Committee
-Hollywood Ten
-Alger Hiss
-The Rosenbergs
-McCarthyism -
Taft Hartley Act
- Restrictions on union rights
- Corrects unfair practices
-
1948 Election
- Dixiecrats form own party
- Truman defeats Dewey
- Truman's Fair Deal
-
The American Dream in 1950s
- white collared jobs are more popular -conglomerates and franchises arise -social conformity -advertising age -consumerism increases as ads appeal to their likings
-
Popular Culture in 1950s
-mass media introduced
-radios not as glorified as TV
-Beat Movement
-Rock n' Roll -
Period: to
Korean War
-38th parallel
-North invades South
-Seoul is captured multiple times
-MacArthur fired
-1953 armistice -
Nuclear War Threatens
- H-bomb -America and Soviet explodes one -brinkmanship policy
-
Cold War Spreads Globally
-CIA spies and gathers information
-Soviets fear West Germany
-1955 Warsaw Pact a military alliance
-Suez Canal Crisis
-Eisenhower Doctrine and the Middle East -
Automobile Culture
- Interstate Highway Act
- car sales increase
- stimulates businesses
- social and environmental issues increase
-
Federal Communications Commisson
-replaced outdated radio commission
-regulates communications -
Cold War Tensions Increase As It Takes to the Skies
-Nikita Krushchev new Soviet leader
-Space Race begins
-American U-2 shot down
-did not agree on open skies -
Nikita Krushchev Becomes Soviet Leader
- peaceful coexistence
- in favor of economic and scientific competition
-
Women's Role
- media glorifies women as the homemaker
- limited opportunities -dissatisfied with life
-
Poverty and Migration
- 25% below poverty level
- Poverty affects schools, transportation, and police departments
- Urban Renewal
