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This started Japanese aggression against China & Indochina and led the United States to impose trade restrictions, such as embargoes on gas and iron.
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This pact stated that Hitler could take more land as long as he agreed to seek no more territory after that concession. Hitler ended up breaking this Pact 6 months later by taking more territory, ending European policy of appeasement.
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During the Kristallnacht, Nazis torched synagogues, vandalized Jewish homes, schools, and businesses in Germany. They killed close to 100 Jews. It is also known as the "night of broken glass."
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At the beginning of the war, the United States wanted to remain neutral. They passed the Neutrality Acts which prohibited selling arms lending money to the countries involved in the war. The United States wanted to stay in isolation and avoid any conflict. Later on, FDR wanted to have the act amended so they could be more active with the war.
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The invasion of Poland caused France and Britain to declare war on Germany. The invasion began World War II and the United States remained neutral during this time.
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The Lend-Lease Act meant that the US could sell or allow the allies to borrow war supplies to protect the interests of the US. The United States still claimed they were neutral and wanted to maintain isolation but helped the allies as a "defense" for the United States/
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It was mostly used to show how serious Roosevelt was about entering and ending the war to stop aggression from Japan and Germany. This was one of the things the US did before officially entering the war.
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African American soldiers fought in segregated units and were highly discriminated against. In response, A. Philip Randolph threatened to organize a march on Washington to demand equal access for African Americans to jobs during the war. FDR then issued Executive Order 8802 to prohibit ethnic or racial discrimination in the nation's defense industry.
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The Atlantic Conference was a meeting between FDR and Winston Churchill that helped strengthen their alliance. At this conference, they signed the Atlantic Charter that helped show how serious FDR was about joining the war and ending German and Japanese aggression.
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The Japanese let a surprise airstrike on the Pearl Harbor naval base. 2400 Americans killed, 1300 were wounded, and 19 US ships were sunk or damaged. This was labeled as a "day that will live in infamy," and caused the US to declare war on Japan. Germany then declared war on the United States.
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After the attack on Pearl Harbor, Americans began to fear the Japanese and developed ethnic prejudices against all Japanese people, including Japanese Americans. These Americans were forced to sell their property and were forced into internment camps.
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The Battle of Midway put the Japanese on the offense and stopped their advance into new territories. The US used the island-hopping strategy to take islands one at a time and get closer to the home islands of Japan.
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This operation was ti invade North Africa to free the Mediterranean Sea from German control. They also wanted to protect the oil fields in the Middle East.
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The invasion of Normandy finally opened up a Western Front. This now meant that Germany was fighting on 3 fronts, and it was the beginning to finally ending the war.
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This was the last German offense. After the battle, American, French, and British troops march to the West of Berlin, and the Soviets march to the east. They met in Berlin and ended the war. Hilter committed suicide as they neared Berlin.
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Japanese American Fred Korematsu refused to leave his home despite Executive Order 9066. He took his case to the supreme court and stated that forcing the Americans to leave their homes and enter internment camps was in violation of their constitutional rights. Korematsu lost and the Supreme Court declared the internment of Japanese Americans was constitutional.
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The Yalta Conference was a meeting between the Big Three: Joeseph Stalin, FDR, and Winston Churchill. They discussed the final plans for the defeat of their enemies and their plans for Europe after the war was over.
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President Truman dropped the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki to prevent American troops from needing to fight on the Japanese home islands and cause even more lives to be lost. Japan surrendered and the Americans didn't have to invade. This caused the Soviet Union to further distrust the United States and eventually led to the Cold War.
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The main goal of the United Nations was to promote peace between all nations of the world and solve issues peacefully to avoid conflict. It was created based on the idea of the League of Nations, and the United States ACTUALLY joined the UN.
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The Nuremberg Trials were trials in which Nazi citizens and military officials were tried for their crimes during the war. 12 Nazis were convicted and sentenced to death. The trials showed that people can be held accountable for their actions even during times of war. Hitler committed suicide and avoided persecution.
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The goal of the Truman Doctrine was to contain communism in Europe. The first time it was used was when the US provided financial and military support to Turkey and Greece who were resisting communist forces.
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The Marshall Plan offered financial aid to countries to prevent the fall of European countries to communism. It also helped those countries rebuild economically.
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After its establishment, the United States was the first country to recognize Israel as its own nation. This showed how the war affected the consience of the world.
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The United States flew plains over the Soviet-controlled side of Berlin, dropping water, food, and other supplies for the people. This was the first "conflict" between them and the US found a way around the wall to provide for the people.
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The United States established the North Atlantic Treaty Organization to establish a military alliance against the Soviet Union. After this, the Soviet Union made an alliance of their own called the Warsaw Pact.
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The Soviet Union tests the atomic bomb and leads the United States to accelerate the development of the hydrogen bomb. This also began a nuclear arms race between the US and the Soviet Union.
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After communist North Korea invaded South Korea, Americans it had been orchestrated by the Soviet Union and the United Nations voted to demand a ceasefire and defend South Korea. Most support came from the United States. The creations of the 38th separated North and South Korea and contained communism in Korea.
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The launching of the space shuttle Sputnik was the beginning of the Space Race. The United States began to fear that the Soviet Union would launch weapons from Space. Both countries wanted to be the first to get people into space, rotate around the Earth, and land on the Moon.
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The Space Race also caused changes in the educational system. The NDEA promoted better education and focused heavily on science and math education in schools.
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After World War 2, Germany was separated into two territories: East, controlled by the Soviets, and West, controlled by the Allies. The Berlin Wall was built on the border between the East and West sides and became a literal barrier to separate the people on both sides.
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The Soviets invaded Afghanistan and tried to propose a friendly government. The Afghans resisted and the United States supported them. The Afghan rebel groups ended up evolving into the Taliban.
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The fall of the Berlin Wall marks the end of the Cold War. The Soviet Union was strained because of the arms race, liberation in Europe, and changes in the Union itself. The Soviet Union then collapsed in 1991.