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It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire and merged into the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery. In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or Medieval Period lasted from the 5th to the 15th century. Christianity influenced most of the medieval customs. However, some customs were derived from older religions.
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The Age of Exploration also called the Age of Discovery, began in the 1400s and continued into the 1600s. It was a period when European nations began their exploration of the world. The era known as the Age of Exploration, sometimes called the Age of Discovery, officially began in the early 15th century and lasted through the 17th century. The period is characterized as a time when Europeans began exploring the world by sea in search of new trading routes, wealth, and knowledge.
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Nationalism is an idea and movement that holds that the nation should be congruent with the state. As a movement, it tends to promote the interests of a particular nation as a group. Especially with the aim of gaining and maintaining the nation's sovereignty and self-governance over its homeland to create a nation-state. It holds that each nation should govern itself free from outside interference and self-determination and that the nation is the only rightful source of political power.
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The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in Great Britain, continental Europe, and the United States. This transition included going from hand production methods to machines; new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes; the increasing use of water power and steam power; the development of machine tools; and the rise of the mechanized factory system. Output greatly increased. The textile industry was the first to use modern production methods.
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Imperialism is the practice, theory, or attitude of maintaining or extending power, particularly through expansionism, employing hard power. The word “imperialism” was originally coined in the 19th century to decry Napoleon’s despotic militarism and became common in the current sense in Great Britain during the 1870s, when it was used with a negative connotation. By the end of the 19th century, it was being used to describe the behavior of empires at all times and places.
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After WWI, many areas such as India, Turkey, and China began movements to gain total independence. National movements led by Mahatma Gandhi in India, Ataturk in Turkey, and Sun Yat-Sen in China would cause great upheaval and eventually lead to the establishment of independent governments in their countries, though sometimes with great loss of human life. Meanwhile, new developments and ideas were being explored in the cultural and scientific communities.
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The Treaty of Versailles did little to solve many of the problems that had started the war. This caused much political and social instability in Europe during the period between the two world wars. The militaristic government promised to return greatness and glory to the Italian people as long as they sacrificed control of their lives to the state. The Great Depression which began in late 1929 would throw Europe into total economic chaos.
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WWI officially began in 1914. However, the root causes of the war go back to the late 19th century. The Industrial Revolution, nationalism, imperialism, etc were long-term causes of the war. The war would see the development of new technology and the collapse of three major empires. The treaty that ended the war would do nothing to solve the problems the war had created, but only created a “delayed” peace that would end 20 years later with the rise of Nazi Germany and the start of WWII.
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Adolf Hitler (April 20, 1889 – April 30, 1945) was a German politician and the leader of Nazi Germany. He became Chancellor of Germany in 1933, after a democratic election in 1932. He became Führer (leader) of Nazi Germany in 1934.
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It is said that he “uncannily” knew how to speak to the most basic fears of the people. His rise and rule and death seem very influenced by Satan in that he came from nothing, with the only real goal of killing all Jews. Satan has been out to destroy God’s people from the beginning, from the Garden of Eden, but there will always be a remnant, a group of God’s true people left. I believe there will always be a remnant of Jews and there will always be a remnant of believers.
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Hitler ordered the invasion of Poland in 1939, and this started World War II. Because of Hitler, at least 50 million people died. During World War II, Hitler was the Commander-in-Chief of the German Armed Forces and made all the important decisions. This was part of the so-called Führerprinzip (leader principle). He shot himself in 1945, as the Soviet Army got to Berlin because he did not want to be captured alive by the Soviet Union.
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Nazi forces committed many war crimes during the war. They were doing what Hitler told them to do. They killed their enemies or put them in concentration camps and death camps. Hitler and his men persecuted and killed Jews and other ethnic, religious, and political minorities. In what is called the Holocaust, the Nazis killed six million Jews, Roma people, homosexuals, Slavs, and many other groups of people.