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-Age of the Steamboat
-North river steam boats was built by Charles Browne, completed in 1807
-It dominate trade through out the U.S
-Steamboat were able to go large distances so people could travel farther into the U.S
-Steamboat were strong for 100 years -
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New Immigration
-Most immigrant groups that came to America came from Northern & Western Europe because Democracy ,and religious prosecution in their country
-Chicago, St Louis, New York and the great plains were cities and regions the immigrants would travel to
-These immigrants would work in railroads and customary farm jobs -
Morse Code
-The first working telegraph produced in 1844
-Developed in 1830's and 1840's by Samuel Morse
- Led to the inventions of the telephone, fax machine, and the internet
-Helped to communicate quicker, receive, and send important messages
-Been built in the railway systems, soon spread to mass communication, then installed in post offices -
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-Cattle Drive Era
-Cattle drives started in Texas ended in the midwest( Kansas or Nebraska) @ the RR lives
-More beef was needed in the East Coast due to the growing population in big cities like Chicago
-New technology ended the cattle drive -
-Homestead Act
-Homestead act designed to grant public land in west for agriculture
-Native american population diminish with west settlements
-Signed by Pres. Lincoln in May 20 1862 -
Chinese Exclosionary Act
-The CEA had ripple effect on US
-In 1902 the ban against the immigrant of Chinese labors was made permanent
-The CEA efforts of Chinese immigrants to resist poor treatment & pay by whites, it resulted to death of cheap labor
-The Chinese were payed less and the whites were worried about there jobs because they were giving less money for cheap labor -
-First Transcendental Railroad
-First time Americans could travel freely from coast to coast
-Markets expanded and cheaper distribution
-People moved to the east
-Forced Indians off their land -
Transcontinental Railroad
-The transcontinental railroad united the nations
-Farmers were able to ship goods
-The railroad also gave people a way to travel
-Cattle drive didn't drive the cattle as far to ship them off to the east coast -
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-Rise of Labor Unions
-Fought for wagons & safer working conditions
-It stopped child labor
-Gave health benefits & provided aid to workers who were injured or retired actions
-Unions rely on strike and boycott against CO sometimes the strikes led to violence
-1st time African Americans were de-segregated & allowed to join union -
-Nest Cartoon about BOSS TWEED
-Nast used his cartoons to attack the Tammany hall political ring and boss tweed to remove from power in the election of November 7 1871 . Tweed was arrested in 1873 and convicted of fruad -
-Standard oil company
-Founded by John D Rockefeller
-Made his own transportation
-Became a philanthropist
-Invested 300 million to make University of Chicago -
-Bessemer Steel Process
-The removal of impurities f/iron
-The Bessemer process revolutionized steel production -Steel became stronger than iron -
-John D Rockefeller
-Founder of the standard oil company which dominated he oil industry and was the first great U.S business trust
-Rockefeller revolutionized he petroleum industry
-Monopoly-Standard oil gradually gained almost complete control of oil refining and marketing in the U.S through horizontal integration in the kerosene industry -
-Hay Market Iron
-Low wages dangerous working conditions
-Labor protest near Chicago hay market square
-Really turned the riot after someone threw a bomb -
The Hull House
-The hull house was a settlement house for European Immigrants to help them assimilate to American culture
-The house was in Chicago, Illinois
-Jane Addams & Ellen Gates Starr were the Co-Founders
-The Hull house helped immigrants speak English, find jobs, and a place to live -
-Homestead Strike
-Frick sent 300 pinketon and meet 10,000 strikers a gun fight broke out til the national guard came to stop them
-Carnigie wanted to break the union , frick began locking them out of the plant -
-Pull man strike
-Manufacture of railroad cars
-cut the already low wages of workers 25%
-260,00 refused to hitch cars -
-Angels Island
-In San Francisco bay immigrants processed one million Asian immigrants
-Had to prove in good heath or have a husband or father -
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-Great Migration
-Pull Factors
-Job Opportunities
-Voting was a right
-Push factors from south
-Violence of hate
-Work to survive/ No jobs -
-Americanization Day
-Created to bring together new & old immigrants
-Americans viewed immigrants as a threat
-Immigrants worried they would not be accepted as American Citizens