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The first digital computers without an OS. The organization of the computational process is decided by the programmer from the control panel.
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The appearance of the OS prototype is monitor systems that implement the system for batch processing of tasks.
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Practically all the basic concepts inherent in modern OS are implemented: time sharing and multitasking, separation of powers, real time scale, file structures and file systems. The implementation of multiprogramming required the introduction of very important changes to the computer hardware: privileged and user modes, means of protecting memory areas, and an advanced interrupt system.
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The history of UNIX OS began in 1969 in one of the divisions of AT & T Bell Laboratories, when Ken Thompson, Dennis Richie and others began work on Unix on a “little-used” DEC PDP-7 machine. During the first 10 years of UNIX development, mainly in Bell Labs.
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The next period in the evolution of computing systems is associated with the emergence of large integrated circuits. In the mid-80s, networks of computers, including personal, running networked or distributed operating systems, began to flourish.
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n the computer world everyone knows the name of Linus Thordwalds. Born December 28 in Finland. However, his life until 1991 in this article is not particularly significant. August 24 of that year in Linus for the first time appeared about the creation of Linux version 0.01. I believe that the joyful date occurred more often. Almost a month later, on September 17, the system core code was posted. So was born a penguin
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