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1400
Renaissance
The Renaissance, a vibrant period of European cultural, artistic, political and scientific “rebirth” after the Middle Ages, was led by people including Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Machiavelli, and the Medici family.
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1492
Colombian Exchange
The exchange of plants, animals, and goods between the East and West that Columbus' voyages caused. He also caused may problems in the New World by kidnapping and killing many nativves.
(Zinn Reading) -
Baroque
Baroque art and architecture, the visual arts and building design and construction produced during the era in the history of Western art that roughly coincides with the 17th century. The work that distinguishes the Baroque period is stylistically complex, even contradictory.
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The Middle Passage
The part of the Transatlantic Slave Trade that connected Africa and the New World by trading slaves. The Transatlantic Slave Trade was a trade between the New World, the Old World, and Africa. The New World supplied the raw materials and the Old World manufactured them and turned them into usable goods; then the Old World traded the manufactured goods for slaves in Africa and the slaves were transported to the New World.
(Transatlantic Slave Trade Power Point) -
Johann Sebastian Bach
Bach was celebrated for creating numerous other masterpieces of church and instrumental music. This is important Bach was able to survey and bring together the principal styles, forms, and national traditions that had developed during preceding generations and, by virtue of his synthesis, enrich them all. -
Franz Joseph Haydn
Joseph Haydn was an Austrian composer who was one of the most important figures in the development of the Classical style in music during the 18th century. This is important because he helped establish the forms and styles for the string quartet and the symphony. -
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, German poet, playwright, novelist, scientist, statesman, theatre director, critic, and amateur artist, considered the greatest German literary figure of the modern era. He contributed to the romantic period and influenced many other composers with his creations.
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Classical
Perhaps the shortest and yet most prolific period in music history is the Classical Era. Traditionally, it has been roughly defined as the last half of the 18th century, from the death of Johann Sebastian Bach in 1750 to some date in the early years of the 19th, just after the Treaty of Vienna ending the Napoleonic Wars (1815), 1820, or the death of Beethoven in 1827.
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Johann Chrysostom Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
With Haydn and Beethoven, he brought to its height the achievement of the Viennese Classical school. Unlike any other composer in musical history, he wrote in all the musical genres of his day.
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The Proclamation Line of 1763
King James III ordered for the colonists not to cross the Appalachian Mountains. King James thought that it was fair because he would be preserving the peace with the natives and avoiding the costly wars that would be caused by the potential conflict.
(Proclamation Line 1763) -
Virginia Stamp Act Resolutions
Patrick Henry, at a meeting of the Virginia House of Burgesses, proposed seven resolutions against the Stamp Act. The first four resolutions were adopted and passed by the House of Burgesses. The Fifth resolution was repealed on the second day of the debates. Though resolutions six and seven were never passed by the House, all seven were widely reported in the colonial press, giving the impression that all passed the Virginia Assembly.
(Virginia Stamp Act Resolutions) -
Ludwig van Beethoven
Ludwig van Beethoven, was a German composer who lived between the Classical are Romantic eras. He is important because he was able to turn his feelings into art, and he introduced the combination of vocals and music to form a symphony.
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Boston Massacre
The Boston Massacre was a deadly riot that occurred on March 5, 1770, on King Street in Boston. It began as a street brawl between American colonists and a lone British soldier but quickly escalated to a chaotic, bloody slaughter. This is important because it showed how aggressive the British were going to be, to try and keep the colonists in line.
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Ernst Theodor Amadeus Hoffmann
E.T.A. Hoffmann, original name Ernst Theodor Wilhelm Hoffmann. Was a German writer, composer, and painter known for his stories in which supernatural and sinister characters move in and out of men’s lives, ironically revealing tragic or grotesque sides of human nature. -
Johann Nepomuk Hummel
Johann Nepomuk Hummel was a protogy panist who composed many different pieces. These pieces consisted of many empotional elements and depth. -
Manifest Destiny
The desire to move westward and control all the land from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. The colonists disobeyed the Proclamation Line of 1763 and decided to cross into the Ohio RIver Valley. This causesd the start of the Seven Years war between the French and the British.
(Case for Manifest Destiny) -
Early Romantic
Romantic art is subjective, extravagant, and favors expression over form. Like the music of the Baroque era, that of the 19th century tends to glorify the expression of feeling, often to the point of hyperbole.
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Johannes Brahms
German composer and pianist of the Romantic period, who wrote symphonies, concerti, chamber music, piano works, choral compositions, and more than 200 songs. Brahms was the great master of symphonic and sonata style in the second half of the 19th century.
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Late Romantic
The Late Romantic period saw the blossoming of self-expression in music. Toward the end of the Late Romantic period, many new and diverse musical styles began to emerge - notably, the nationalism of composers such as Sibelius and Elgar, the impressionism of Debussy and Ravel, and the atonal modernism of Schönberg.
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American Civil War
The war between the north (Free States) and the south (Slave Holding States) which was caused by many different reasons. One reason was the Election of 1860 where Abraham Lincoln was elected. This event is important because it showed that the states in America were willing to form their own societies based on what they believed was right.
(Some Causes of the CIval War ppt.) -
Emancipation Proclamation
A proclamation freeign the slaves. This is important because it cut off a major source of income for the south and made them weaker in the war. -
Ku Klux Klan
An organization created to restore the United States to its previous 'white power'. This terrorized African Americans and White people who supported equality. -
Transcontinental Railroad
The Transcontinental Railroad connected the Eastern and the Western United States through a railroad. This encouraged the settlement of the west and caused many major cities to be built next to the railroad.
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World War I
WWI was a war fought between the Central Powers and the Allies, over the assassination of the Austria-Hungarian Archduke. This is important because it was the first war that used modern weapons and battle strategies to win.
(The World Wars Video) -
Post 'Great War' Years
The First World War inspired many different composers to commemorate people lost in the battle. This is important because it helps us understand the tragedies of WW1.
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World War II
World War II was a conflict between the Axis powers—Germany, Italy, and Japan—and the Allies—France, Great Britain, the United States, the Soviet Union. The Axis powers felt cheated after the results of World War I and wanted to show their dominance. This event is important because it shows that countries would be willing to break treaties in secret and that many countries would do anything to avoid war.
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Vietnam War
The Vietnam War was a conflict that pitted the communist government of North Vietnam against South Vietnam and its principal ally, the United States. Opposition to the war in the United States bitterly divided Americans, even after President Richard Nixon ordered the withdrawal of U.S. forces in 1973.
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Interstate Highway Act
The interstate highway was a solution to many of the bad roads that cost people much more to operate their cars. It would also help with future traffic problems when cars become abundant in the US.
(Eisenhower's Speech) -
The Cuban Missile Crisis
Cuba had become a communist country. The USSR put their missiles in Cuban pointing towards the US. This caused tension between the US and the USSR and could have caused a nuclear war. -
9/11
The terrorist attack occurred on September 11, 2001. Al Quaeda attacked the twin towers and killed thousands of people. They had hijacked two passenger airplanes and crashed them into the buildings.
