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The Bessemer process was the first inexpensive industrial process for the mass production of steel from molten pig iron before the development of the open hearth furnace.
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The First Transcontinental Railroad in the United States was built in the 1860s, linking the well developed railway.
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Jefferson believed that a republic depended on an independent, virtuous citizenry for its survival, and that independence and virtue went hand in hand with land ownership, especially the ownership of small farms.
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1877-1881
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A period of history that encompasses the changes in economic and social organization that began around 1760 in Great Britain and later in other countries.
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He was assassinated the same year (1881)
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1881-1885
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Nikola Tesla was a Serbian-American inventor, electrical engineer, mechanical engineer, physicist, and futurist who is best known for his contributions to the design of the modern alternating current electricity supply system.
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1885-1889
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Broke up reservation land and assigned it to families.
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1889-1893
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The Progressive Era was a period of widespread social activism and political reform across the United States, from the 1890s to the 1920s.
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1893-1897
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William Jennings Bryan was an American orator and politician from Nebraska, and a dominant force in the populist wing of the Democratic Party, standing three times as the Party's nominee for President of the United States.
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1897-1901
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The Spanish–American War was a conflict fought between Spain and the United States in 1898.
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Spurred by the nationalism aroused by the Spanish-American War, the United States annexed Hawaii in 1898 at the urging of President William McKinley.
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The economic, military and cultural philosophy that the United States affects and controls other countries
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Andrew Carnegie was a Scottish-American industrialist who led the expansion of the American steel industry in the late 19th century, and is often identified as one of the richest people and Americans ever.
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1901-1909
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Wilbur and Orville Wright made four brief flights at Kitty Hawk with their first powered aircraft. The Wright brothers had invented the first successful airplane.
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Helen Adams Keller was an American author, political activist, and lecturer. She was the first deaf-blind person to earn a bachelor of arts degree.
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Albert Einstein was a German-born theoretical physicist. He developed the theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics. Einstein's work is also known for its influence on the philosophy of science.
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Upton Sinclair Jr. was an American writer who wrote nearly 100 books and other works in several genres. Sinclair's work was well-known and popular in the first half of the twentieth century, and he won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1943.
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1909-1913
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1913-1921
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World War I, also known as the First World War, the Great War, or the War to End All Wars, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918.
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Joseph Pulitzer was a Hungarian-American newspaper publisher of the St. Louis Post Dispatch and the New York World. Pulitzer introduced the techniques of yellow journalism to the newspapers he acquired in the 1880s.
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A term for Western society and Western culture during the 1920s. It was a period of sustained economic prosperity with a distinctive cultural edge in the United States and Western Europe, particularly in major cities such as Berlin, Chicago, London, Los Angeles, New York City, Paris, and Sydney.
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Prohibition in the United States was a nationwide constitutional ban on the production, importation, transportation, and sale of alcoholic beverages that remained in place from 1920 to 1933.
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1921-1923
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1923-1929
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The Great Depression lasted from 1929 to 1939, and was the worst economic downturn in the history of the industrialized world.
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1929-1933
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The act raised U.S. tariffs on over 20,000 imported goods.
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1933-1945
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World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although related conflicts began earlier.
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1945-1953
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A competition for supremacy in nuclear warfare between the United States, the Soviet Union, and their respective allies during the Cold War.
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The Cold War was a state of geopolitical tension after World War II between powers in the Eastern Bloc and powers in the Western Bloc.
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Alger Hiss was an American government official who was accused of being a Soviet spy in 1948 and convicted of perjury in connection with this charge in 1950.
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The Korean War began when North Korea invaded South Korea. The United Nations, with the United States as the principal force, came to the aid of South Korea. China came to the aid of North Korea, and the Soviet Union gave some assistance.
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1953-1961
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A term that encompasses the strategies, groups, and social movements in the United States whose goals were to end racial segregation and discrimination against African Americans and to secure legal recognition and federal protection of the citizenship rights enumerated in the Constitution and federal law.
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A set of domestic programs in the United States launched by Democratic President Lyndon B. Johnson in 1964–65.
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1961- his assassination in 1963
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The Peace Corps is a volunteer program run by the United States government.
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1963-1969
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Malcolm X, born Malcolm Little and later also known as el-Hajj Malik el-Shabazz, was an African-American Muslim minister and human rights activist.
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The Selma to Montgomery marches were three protest marches, held in 1965, along the 54-mile highway from Selma, Alabama to the state capital of Montgomery.
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Accordingly, it may also refer to social revolution, such as the Socialist revolution presented in Marxism, or to other social movements, such as Women's suffrage or the Civil rights movement.
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1969 to his resignation in 1974
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The Woodstock Music & Art Fair—informally, the Woodstock Festival or simply Woodstock—was a music festival attracting an audience of over 400,000 people.
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1974-1977
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The Vietnam War, also known as the Second Indochina War, and known in Vietnam as Resistance War Against America or simply the American War, was a war that occurred in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia.
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1977-1981
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1981-1989
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1989-1939
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The Gulf War, codenamed Operation Desert Shield for operations leading to the buildup of troops and defense of Saudi Arabia and Operation Desert Storm.
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1993-2001
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2001-2009
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The Iraq War was a protracted armed conflict that began in 2003 with the invasion of Iraq by a United States-led coalition that toppled the government of Saddam Hussein.
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2009-2017
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2017-present
