-
Birth
Maria Montessori was born on August 31 in Chiaravalle, Ancona province, Italy. -
Moved to Rome
The Montessori family moved to Rome in 1875, and the following year the young Maria enrolled in the local state school on the Via di San Nicolo da Tolentino. -
Secondary School
Montessori began attending Regia Scuola Tecnica Michelangelo Buonarroti, a secondary technical school, at the age of 13. -
Graduation
Montessori graduated from the University of Rome with a Doctor of Medicine degree, one of the first women in Italy to gain this degree. -
Psychiatric Clinic
She volunteered to join a research program at the psychiatric clinic of the University of Rome, and it was here that she worked alongside Giusseppe Montesano, with whom a romance was to develop. -
Son's Birth
The relationship with Giusseppe Montesano had developed into a love affair, and in 1898 Maria gave birth to a child, a boy named Mario, who was given into the care of a family who lived in the countryside near Rome. Maria visited Mario often, but it was not until he was older then he came to know that Maria was his mother. A strong bond was nevertheless created, and in later years he collaborated and traveled with his mother, continuing her work after her death. -
Attends women’s congress in London
Attends women’s congress in London，received by Queen Victoria. -
Got the second degree--in education
Begins the second degree—in education, experimental psychology, and anthropology—at the University of Rome. Visits elementary schools to do anthropological research. -
Casa dei Bambini Opens
First Children’s House (Casa dei Bambini) is opened at 53 Via dei Marsi in the San Lorenzo district of Rome on the Feast of the Epiphany, January 6. A small opening ceremony was organized, but few had any expectations for the project. Montessori felt differently: “I had a strange feeling which made me announce emphatically that here was the opening of an undertaking of which the whole world would one day speak.” -
First Book
Montessori published her first book: "The Montessori Method" based on her work at the Casa dei Bambini. In the years to follow, this book is translated into over 20 languages. -
Montessori Educational Association founded in the United States
Montessori went to the United States for the first time. The same year, Montessori Educational Association founded in the United States. Its membership includes Alexander Graham Bell, his wife, Mabel Bell, S.S. McClure, and President Wilson’s daughter, Margaret Woodrow Wilson. -
Trip to United States with Mario
Second trip to the United States, accompanied by her son, Mario. He would eventually play a huge role in the development of the Montessori Method, especially the establishment of the elementary program. -
Training course become standard
Training course in London using the format that would become standard: fifty hours of lectures, fifty hours of teaching using the materials, fifty hours of observation of Montessori classes. -
Meets Mussolini
Meeting of Montessori with Benito Mussolini (who had come to power in 1922) results in official recognition and widespread establishment of Montessori schools by the Italian government. -
AMI founded
Montessori and her son, Mario, founded the Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) during the first International Montessori Conference. The first headquarters were in Berlin. Then first International Montessori Congress in Helsingør, Denmark. -
Peace Education
Montessori spoke on the subject of Peace and Education at the Second International Montessori Conference. Peace education and cosmic education have become the most important research achievements for the rest of her life. -
Move to the Netherlands
Due to various political tensions throughout Europe, Montessori eventually moved the AMI quarters Amsterdam in the Netherlands, where it remains to this day. At this time there are over 200 Montessori schools in the Netherlands. -
Training in India
1939-1946, training courses in Madras, Kodaikanal, Karachi, and Ahmedabad in India, and in Ceylon. Further develops the Cosmic Education Plan for the Elementary years with Mario’s collaboration. -
Trapped in India
Italy entered the war on the side of Germany, at the time Montessori was in India giving a lecture tour. Mario was interned for 2 months but was released due to the Viceroy's respect for Montessori for her 70th birthday. -
First nomination for the Nobel Peace Prize
The first nomination for the Nobel Peace Prize (again in 1950 and 1951). Definitive return to Europe. Eighth International Montessori Congress in San Remo, Italy. -
Death
Maria Montessori dies May 6 in Noordwijk aan Zee, Netherlands; she is buried at the local Catholic cemetery.
