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Oct 5, 1488
The Glider
Leondaro da Vinici made the first design of flying machines. He used bird wings to model his glider. He also designed the first man-powered aircaft in his Codes on the Flight of Birds. Because materials like aluminum and synthetic cloths were not available at this time period, the glider would fly with small modifications such as the addition of a rudder to stabilize the yaw, or left and right movements. http://www.leonardodavincisinventions.com/inventions-for-flight/leonardo-da-vi -
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Sir George Cayley
In 1799, Sir George Cayley created the concept of the modern airplanes as a fixed-wing flying machine with separate systems for lift, propulsion, and control. With a kite-shaped wing towards the front and an adjustable tailplane at the back consisting of horizontal stabilisers and a vertical fin, the movable weight allowed adjustments of the model's center of gravity. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airplane
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Cayley -
Otto Lilienthal
Lilienthal's greatest contribution was in the development of heavier-than-air flight. His gliders were carefully designed to distribute weight as evenly as possible to ensure a stable flight. He made a biplane which halved the wing span for a given wing area, and it had a hinged tailplane that could move upwards to make the flare of a flight easier. Through this research he began to work on powered aircrafts. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otto_Lilienthal -
Sir Hirman Maximum
Sir Hiram Maxim built a craft that weighed 3.5 tons, with a 34-meter wingspan. The craft was powered by two 270-kW steam engines driving two propellers. In 1894, his machine was tested with overhead rails to prevent it from rising. His tests showed that it had enough lift to take off. However, the craft was uncontrollable.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airplane
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiram_Maxim -
Wright Flyer
Wright Flyer lifts into the air at 10:35 am. The flight lasted only 12 seconds and covered a distance of just 121 feet (37 m). It is the first powered, manned, heavier-than-air, controlled flight. The Wright brothers flight's were recognized by the FAI and by 1905, they were capable of controllable, stable flight, for susbstanial periods. https://www.aiaa.org/SecondaryTwoColumn.aspx?id=5724 -
Heinkel He 178
The first operational jet aircraft was Heinkel He 178, which was tested in Aug. 27, 1939. An engineer named Hans von Ohain had taken out a patent on using the exhaust from a gas turbine as a means of propulsion. Ernst Heinkel, agreed to help develop the concept. The jet intake was in the nose, and the aircraft was fitted with the tailwheel undercarriage. It was the world's first rocket powered airplane. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinkel_He_178 -
Bell X-1
The Bell X-1 was the frist aircraft to exceed the speed of sound. It achieved a speed of nearly 1,000 miles per hour during 1948. Originally called the XS-1, the Bell Aircraft Company made this to obtain flight data on conditions in transonic speed range for the US Air Force and NACA. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_X-1 -
Boeing 747
The Boeing 747 is a wide-body commercial jet airliner and cargo aircraft. The parts of the aircraft makes it among the world's most recognizable aircraft and it was the first wide-body produced aircraft. In 1963, the United States Air Force started a series of study projects on a large strategic transport aircraft. They believed that a much larger and more capable aircraft was needed, especially the capability to carry outsized cargo. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747 -
Airbus A380
The Airbus A380b is a wide-body, four-engine jet airliner manufactured by the company Airbus. It is the world's largest passenger airliner. It was initially named Airbus A3XX and designed to challenge Boeing's monopoly in the large-aircraft market. The parts were built by France, UK, Germany and Spain. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbus_A380 -
Flying Pigeon
Around 400 BC in Greece, Archytas designed and built the first artificial, self-propelled flying device.The body of the Flying Pigeon was hollow with a cylindrical shape, wings projected out to either side, and smaller wings to the rear. The front of the device was pointed, like a bird’s beak. It was powered by steam and it was structured to be aerodynamic for max. speed and distance. http://www.ancient-origins.net/ancient-technology/steam-powered-pigeon-archytas-flying-machine-antiquity-0
