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13th amendment
the 13 states that neither slavery nor involuntary sritiude, except as a punishment for crime where of the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist which in the unite stated, to any place subject to their jurisdiction. congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation -
14th amendment
On July 28, 1868, the 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution was ratified. The amendment grants citizenship to "all persons born or naturalized in the United States" which included former slaves who had just been freed after the Civil War. -
black codes
black codes were laws passed by democrats-contolled southern states in 1865 and 1866 after the civil was. These laws had the intent and the effect of restricting african americans freedom, and or compelling them to work in a labor economy based on low wages or debt -
15th amendement
the 15th amendment states that the rights od citizens of the untied staes vote shall not be den red or abridges by the united sates or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation. -
sharecropping
sharecropping is a form or agriculture in which a landowner allows a tenant to use land in return for a share or crops. sharecropping has a long history and there area wide range of different situations and types or agreements that have used a form of a system. -
jim crow laws
jim crow by 1838 had become a pejorative expression meaning negro. when southern legislatures passes laws of racial segregation directed against blacks at the end of the 19th century. -
lynching
this term is when a mob of people kill someone. especially by hanging for alleged offense with or without a legal trial. whites started lynching the united states because they felt it necessary to protect white women . -
poesy vs ferguson
by the seven to oe majority [one justice did not participate], advanced the controversial "separate but Equal" doctrine for assessing the constitutionality of racial segregation laws -
civil disobedience
the simple definition is the refusal to comply with certain laws or to pay taxes and fins, such as the peaceful form of political protest. it was arguably during the abolitionist movement that civil disobedience first defined itself. -
hector p Garcia
a descendant of Spanish land grantees, Dr. Garcia was born in Mexico. his family fled the violence of the Mexican revolution in 1971, legally immigrating to Texas in 1929 -
core
the congress of racial equality is an african american civil rights organization in the united states that played a pivotal role for african americans in he civil rights movement. -
non violet protest
nonviolent resistance is the practice of achieving goals such as social change through symbolic protests, civil disobedience, economic, or political noncooperation, satyagraha, or other methods, wile being nonviolent -
brown vs board
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483, was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students to be unconstitutional. -
emmett till
emmett louis till was a 14 year old african american boy her was lynched in mississipy of 1955. after a white woman said she was offended by him in her family grocery store, he was beaten burned and thrown into a river while he was still alive. he only looked at the lady and she told men a different story. -
desegregation
an important goal of the civil rights act movement a the eliminated segregation. Yet segregation ease social political and economical system that played african american in a inferior position. disfranchised them, and was enforced by custom, law, official, and vigilante violence. -
martin luther king jr
was a baptist minister and social activist who played a key role in the american civi rights movement from the mid 1950s until his assassination in 1968. he was a advocate for the civil tights and everyone looked up to him for leadership -
rosa parks
she is known for her significance in the civil rights movement when she refused to give up her seat on the bus to a white man. she influenced others to act in civil protest. she was arrest for not giving up her seat -
Montgomery bus boycott
the Montgomery bus boycott, a seminal event in the civil rights movement, was the political and social protest campaign against the policy of racial segregation on the public transit system of Montgomery. -
the rock nine
the group came to be known as the little rock nine. on September 2, 1957 the governor announces that he would call i the Arkansas national guard to prevent the african american students entry to central high -
oval e fabus
Arkansas democratic groveler fauns became the national symbol of racial segregation when he used Arkansas national guardsmen to clock the enrollment office of non black students who had been ordered by the federal judge to the desegregation little rock central high school -
sclc
the southern christian leadership conference is and african american civil rights organization. sclc, which is closely associated with the first president martin luther king jr had a large role in the civil rights movement -
civil rights act of 1957
enacted september 9 1957, primarily a voting rights bill, was the first federal civil rights legislation passed by the united stats congress since the ivil rights act of 1875. The first civil rights section of the justice department and empowers federal prosecutors to obtain obtain court injunctions against interference with the right to vote -
affirmation action
an active effort to improve employment and educational opportunities for members of minority groups and for women... by the late 1970s the use of the rail quotes and minority set asides led to court challenges of affirmation action as a form of reverse discrimination -
freedom riders
freedom riders were civil rights activist who rode interests buses into segregated southern united states, first babtis church, and parchment farm and jackson, mississippi. -
ole miss integration
o septemer 30 1962 riots erupted on the campus of the university of Mississippi in oxford where locals students and committed segregations had gathered to protest the enrollment of James Meredith. -
cesar chavez
Mexican american farmworker labor leader and civil rights activist Cesar Chavez brought abut better conditions for agricultural workers. -
alabama integration
segregation forever! when african american students attempted to desegregate the university of Alabama in June 1963, Alabama s new governor flanked by states troopers, literally blocked the door of the enrollment office. he stand in the school house door took place at the roster auditorium at eh university of Alabama -
march on washington
the army on Washington for jobs and freedom , and the march on Washington, or the great march on Washington, was held in Washington dc on Wednesday, suggest 28 1963. this was a civil rights gathered where martin luther king Jr. made iconic ' i have a dream" speech. it was a significant event and great leap forward in the civil rights movements. -
betty Freudian
betty Freudian was born feb. 4th and passed feb 4th. she was an american writer , activist, and feminist. A leading figure in the women's movement in he unite states, her 1963 book, "the feminine mystique, is often credited with sparking the second wave of american feminism in the 20th century -
civil rights act of 1964
the civil rights act of 1964 which ended segregation in public places and banned employment dissemination on he basis of race color, religion, sex, or national origin, is considered one of the crowning legislative achievements of the civil rights movement. -
lester maddox
this man was a segregation advocate, he enter the blacks and whites to be separate. after segregation was over he still denies service to african americans at his restaurant was already over and civil rights had already won -
watts riots
the watts riots, sometimes referred to as the watts rebellion, took place in the watts neighborhood of Los angels from adjust 11 to 16th. -
voting rights of 1965
the voting rights act signed into law by president lyndon johnson on august 6, 1965 aimed to overcome legal barriers at the state and local levels that prevented african americans from excreting their right to vote under the 15th amendment -
black panther
Black panther party, original name black panther part for self defense. African american revolution part founded in 1966 in Oakland California. the party's original purpose was to patrol african american neighborhoods to protect from acts of police brutality -
stockily Carmichael
kwame dure was a Trinidadian american who became a prominent figure in the civil rights moment. he was a civil rights activist and national chairman of the student nonviolent coordination committee -
Thurgood Marshall
an associate justice of the supreme court of the united states seeing from October 1967 until October 1991. Marshall was the courts 96th justice and its first african american justice -
George Wallace
George Wallace was a american politician and the 5th governor of Alabama, having served two nonconsecutive terms and two consecutive term as a democrat -
title ix
title ix of education amendments act of 1972 is a federal law that states: no person in the untied states shall , on the basis of sex be excluded from participation. they shall not be defined benefits of or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving federal assistance