Taxation and Mercantilism: economic theory in Europe from the 16th to the 18th century that promoted governmental regulation of a nation’s economy for the purpose of augmenting state power at the expense of rival national powers
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Albany Plan for the Union
A proposal by Benjamin Franklin during the Albany Congress.The plan proposed to put the thirteen colonies under a centralized government. They wanted to bring the colonies together and address colonial interests. Under this plan each legislature would be able to elect a delegates to an American Continental assembly. Although the plan was never carried out because they thought it would create a powerful entity that the government might not be able to control. -
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French and Indian War
With the British proceeding to win the battle had an impact on the empire both positively and negatively. By them claiming their victory it means they would expand into the new world and they would claim new land but the cost of the war had cost the Britain’s to go into major debt. -
Proclamation of 1763
This proclamation prohibited settlers from crossing west over the Appalachian Mountains. This was put into place to prevent further conflicts between settlers and Native Americans. -
Stamp Act
The stamp act was an act put in place by the Parliament of Great Britain and directly affected the the American colonist. This act imposed tax on all paper documents in the colonies. -
Quartering Act
This law was passed by the British Parliament requiring local governments of the colonies to provide housing and food to the British soldiers. -
Declaratory Act
A Declaration by the British Parliament. It was passed along with the Stamp Act to assert the Parliament’s power to rule over the American colonies. The Declaratory Act stated that the Parliament had full power and authority to make the laws and statues of the colonies and people of America. -
Townshend Act
A law passed by the British Parliament that taxed all goods imported to the American colonies. "No taxation without representation." -
Boston Massacre
Was a street fight between the Patriot mob and the British soldiers. It was an event where British soldiers fired upon the crowds of Boston under stress from the people. Many colonists were killed which led to a campaign. It became a driving force behind the American Revolution. -
Boston Tea Party
Was a political protest performed by The Sons of Liberty in Boston that was over the people being against the tax policy of the British government and the East India Company that controlled all the tea imported into the colonies. Boston refused to return three shiploads of tax tea back to Britain. Which led to a group of colonists boarding the ships and destroying the tea by throwing it into the Boston Harbor. -
Tea Act
The tea act was one of the many ways the British government attempted to get money from the colonist before the Revolutionary War. The act was not intended to raise the revenue in the American colonies, in fact the act imposed no new taxes. The act was actually a strive to help the East India Company, as they were not doing well and in debt. With the act colonist could only purchase from this company. -
Intolerable Acts
Also referred to as the Coercive Acts. Was put into place as a direct response to the Boston Tea Party, to punish the citizens to beginning to rebel and try to control them. Five different acts were put into place. Controlling everything from the government, to territory, to their own homes. -
First Continental Congress
Was a meeting of delegates that included 12 out of the 13 colonies. Their plan was to pressure the Parliament into repealing their unreasonable acts that had to deal with the Boston Tea Party and throwing three shiploads of taxed tea into the water. The congress met to briefly to discuss a way to enforce the Intolerable Acts. Although, their petition was unsuccessful. -
Battle of Lexington and Concord
Thought of as being the beginning of the American Revolution. The British army sent a group of soldiers from Boston to seize gunpowder in Lexington. Men from surrounding communities were warned and rallied to resist the British. Before they reached Concord they found minutemen gathered on the Lexington Green and some unknown person fired “the shot heard around the world”. -
Olive Branch Petition
This document was adopted by the Second Continental Congress on July 5, 1775 and was signed on July 8. The petition was the final attempt to avoid a war between the Thirteen Colonies and Great Britain. -
Second Continental Congress
The most important decision debated in this meeting was whether or not to declare independence from Britain. With much debate they finally came to a conclusion on July 4, 1776, their final decision was to write the Declaration of Independence and be free from Britain's control. -
Thomas Paine- "Common Sense"
Paine's overall points and ideas in the book were very straightforward. He wanted independence from Britain and the creation of a democratic republic. This book challenged the authority of the British government and convinced the people to separate from Britain. -
Declaration of Independence
All men have equal rights, the rights of life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness. If the government fails in its duty the government must be overthrown and a new government must be set up by the people who have the right to revolt. Another revolution may be justified only when the subsequent revolution follows. -
Articles of Confederation
Was the first written constitution of the United States. It was created as a governing agreement between the thirteen colonies to fight the Revolution and establish limited federal power. It gave the states too much power and did the complete opposite of what Great Britain did. It was unsuccessful and later on replaced by the Constitution. -
Treaty of Paris
Signed in Paris by representatives of King George III in Great Britain and the representatives of the USA on Sep. 3, 1783, and ended the American Revolutionary War