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German writer and statesman; his writings were incredibly influential on Romantic composers
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Italian composer popular for his operas and sacred music
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French political and military leader during the French Revolution
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transitional figure from the Classic to Romantic style; was essentially the gold standard for a Romantic composer's sound
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Chancellor of Austria; hosted the Congress of Vienna and was important in shaping social activities; his social activities inspired the genres of the character piece and the Lied (song)
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German Romantic fantasy and horror author; wrote about Beethoven in Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung in 1831
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German romantic composer
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A period of radical political and societal change in France; the "common" people saw themselves as empowered to break free from oppression from nobility and the upper classes in general
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French opera composed by Cherubini; plot is about defeating oppression and is dramatized as a heroic rescue from imprisonment
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Jewish German composer who studied in Italy and composed French opera in Paris; most know for his grand operas
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Italian composer; known as the most important opera composer in the early 19th century
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Paris Conservatoire is founded; replaced training in churches and courts
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early romantic Austrian composer
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Italian opera composer
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Italian opera composer
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French romantic composer; known as a very important innovator of new orchestration techniques and genres
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the only opera Beethoven composed; in the rescue opera genre that was inspired by the French Revolution
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German composer and pianist; sister of Felix Mendelssohn
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composed by Beethoven; it was especially popular for its heroic elements and catchy thematic material
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German composer, pianist, organist and conductor of the early Romantic period
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invented by Peter Durand
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romantic era German composer; also well-known as a music critic
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romantic era composer and pianist known for his delicate style
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piano virtuoso, writer, conductor, composer, innovator, supported Wagner
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Johann Salamon, a patron of Haydn, along with others founded the Philharmonic Society in London
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German composer that changed opera, harmony, and music and general
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the most important Italian composer in the mid-late 19th century; primarily composed operas and hailed as a hero of Italy
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reorganized Europe after the Napoleonic Wars
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composed by Schubert and inspired by a poem by Goethe that was based on the legend that whoever is touched by the king of the elves must die
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keyed brass instrument similar in range to trombone; patented by Jean Hilaire in 1821
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composed by Weber; the first German romantic opera
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placed severe limits on freedom of expression by individuals and institutions such as Universities and presses; tried to place limits on artists
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virtuoso pianist and composer; wife of Robert Schumann
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French composer know for his operettes
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Cherubini, one of the founding faculty, eventually became the director of the Paris Conservatory in 1822
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London founded their own music school, the Royal Academy of Music
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invented by Professor Michael Faraday
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bohemian; best known for his programmatic cycle of 6 nationalistic symphonic poems called Ma vlast (My Country)
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American song composer; the first American to make a living as a professional songwriter
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invented by Frenchmen, Louis Braille
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translates to Songs Without Words; a set of short, lyrical character pieces composed by Felix Mendelssohn; 8 volumes of 6 songs each
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American nationalist composer born in New Orleans; studied at the Paris Conservatory
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program symphony composed by Berlioz; written about a woman he was infatuated with
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composed by Chopin; a character piece subgenre of a Polish folk dance in triple meter often with a heavy accent on the second or third beat
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German romantic composer that maintained form of the Classical era
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invented by Samuel Morse
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character piece of the subgenre Nocturne composed by Fanny Mendelssohn Hensel
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composer that blended styles into opera comique
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Russian composer famous for his ballets
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composed by Robert Schumann; revised in 1851
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patented by Samuel Slocum
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Czechoslovakian natioanlist composer
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the New York Philharmonic was founded and still remains a powerhouse in classical music
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Norway nationalist composer; Peer Gynt, incidental music
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first used by Dr. William Morton
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character piece composed by Gottschalk; features ideas from Stephen Foster's Camptown Races and other American spirituals
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music drama by Wagner; the second opera in his 4-opera cycle; detested the Italian start-stop style of opera because he preferred to have the continuous drama/musical style
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late romantic composer most known as a conductor and secondly as a composer
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polish pianist and composer; prime minister and foreign minister of Poland in 1919
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Italy became a country
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invented by Pierre Michaux
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Finland nationalist composer
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opera composed by Verdi; set in ancient Egypt and has four acts
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invented by Joseph Glidden
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tone poem composed by Smetana that evokes the sounds of the Moldau River
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Catholic funeral mass composed by Verdi; "Libera me: Dies irae"
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opera composed by Bizet that combined styles of opera comique
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patented by Alexander Graham Bell
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traditional 4 movement symphony composed by Brahms
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invented by James Ritty
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invented by John Pemberton
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opera composed by Verdi; perfect example of Italian tragic opera
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invented by Jesse W. Reno
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composed by Dvorak to express landscape of the new place he was visiting, America
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patented by Edwin Prescott
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tone poem cycle composed by Sibelius about his home country of Finland