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Jan 29, 1215
Magna Cart
Limited the powers of the king
Laid the basis for due process of law—law should be known and orderly
Prohibited the king from taking property or taxes without consent of a council -
English Bill of Rights
Guaranteed free elections and frequent meetings of Parliament
Forbade excessive fines and cruel punishment
Gave people the right to complain to the king or queen in Parliament
Established representative government—laws made by a group that acts for the people -
Industrial revolution
Europe began the industrial revolution. With their massive empire and ability to get people to work for very cheap, the industrial revolution began easily. Europe also had the new age ideas from the French revolution and ideas spread throughout Europe from that -
American Declaration of Independence
Said that all men are created equal and have the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of
happiness; these are unalienable rights—rights that government cannot take away
Said that governments get their power from the consent of the governed—the idea
of popular sovereignty -
French Declaration of the Rights of man and Citizen
Said that “men are born and remain free and equal in rights”
Said that the purpose of government is to protect “natural” rights, including “liberty,
property, security, and resistance to oppression”
Guaranteed freedom of speech and freedom of religion -
U.S. Bill of Rights
Said that “men are born and remain free and equal in rights”
Said that the purpose of government is to protect “natural” rights, including “liberty,
property, security, and resistance to oppression”
Guaranteed freedom of speech and freedom of religion -
Ideas from American revolution to France
Some ideas from the American revolution were brought to the French which helped in aiding in ideas for the French revolution. The french, not being a mere colony, couldn’t simply stop taking orders from their king. The idea of liberalisation was meant to be spread around France and across Europe, but the kings and queens militarised the new state even more and made the ideas of liberty second to the needs of security. -
Napoleon and other rise ups.
The first people to rise up established a constitutional monarchy because they were angered at the unfair taxes. Meanwhile, anti-republican forces informed people that a self rule system is susceptible to easy attack from other nations. Then Napoleon came in and lead the country. -
Thomas Savery and the steam engine
With steam engines now in use in factories and other machinery, work has dramatically increased. This is now opening up a lot of work opprotunities for the people therefore stimulating the economy. With steam engines came the need for coal, and now people are coal mining. Men and children work insane hours for menial pay. -
City growth
Some people wove textiles in their homes for money, but then the industrial revolution hit and factories made the same product for cheaper and faster. This put the small people out of business and allowed the big business to boom. People needed work, so they chose to work in factories. With factories, people moved from the countryside in towards the larger cities so that they could become a part of a business and work. Because of the people moving into the cities, the city would grow and grow.