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in England monarchs rule and noble families gained power via land in exchange for loyalty, tax money and military support
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nobles force King John who was treating them terribly, to sign the magna carta which says that no one is above the law
everyone will get equal treatment under the law
trial by ones peers -
next king develops a group that represents common people, Parliament
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accept common law
no ruler is above the law
shouold have basic rights protected
should have avoice in government -
Locke and Montesquieu were enlightenment thinkers
believed God had created an orderly universe
the laws of the universe could be discovered through the use of human reason
laws that governed nature also applied to human life and society -
1st representative assembly/legislatuve in english colonies
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established direct democracy
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english writer
people are born with natural rights to life, liberty, ahnd property that no government could take away freedom
born free and independent
government must maintain social contract
people give up part of their freedom in exchange for protect of natural rights -
1st written constitution in America
assembly of elected reps. from each town to make laws
popular election of governor and judges -
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Glorius Revolution- parliament removes king james the third and replaces him with his daughter Mary and her husband William.
from this time on, no ruler would have more power than Parliament -
further restriction of monarchs power
guarenteed free ele ctions to Parliament
right to a free trial
eliminated cruel and unusual punishment -
divide branches of government into different parts to balance each other out so no one can become to strong
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establish basis of US constitution and bill of rights
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wrote the social contract
people alone have the right to determine how they should be governed -
13 English colonies established
-each colony has a govenor elected by the colonists or appointed by the king
-each had a legislature with representatives elected by free adult males -
colonists not feeling they have the right of Native English people because of taxes and limitations passed. They had been self sufficient representative gov't for 100+ years . not turning back or stopping or stopping now we'll have to fight for independence.
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1st discussion of colonies for Union against British gov't
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can't live on the land west of the Appalachian mountains so as not to stir up the native Americans
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tax on all paper goods
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colonists must provide barracks and supplies to British troops
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established declatory act- Parliament has the right to tax and make decisions for American colonies in all cases
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allowed British gov't customs officers to enter anywhere suspected of smuggling (because many colonists were doing this because of taxes and boycotting
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British could ship tea to the colonies without a tax, making it cheaper to buy colonial tea
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write to King George 3 - we demand you restore our rights as British citizens
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1st battle of American revolution
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published
moved many undecided colonists toward the belief that independence was the only course of action -
list of complaints against the king
beliefs about ind. rights
pulled from ideas of Locke and Montesquieu