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The History of Adult Education
From the colonial period to the present. This timeline provides a diverse collection of events pertaining to Adult Education. -
American Civil War
The Civil War begins and there is increasing pressure to educate Black adults and children (not just freed Blacks) Black had suffered at the hands of discrimination and had been excluded completely from formal education at this point. -
The Port Royal Experiement
The South Atlantic Blockading Squadron captures the town of Port Royal in South Carolina, resulting in the freeing of 10,000s of slaves. General TW Sherman requests the federal government send facilitators to educate the freed Blacks and the paradigm for the Reconstruction is established. -
The Morrill Land Grant College Act
This act allowed colleges to recieve land from the federal governement to build post secondary educational buildings. These colleges taught agricultural, technical, and mechanical subjects. Mixed with core curriculum, this grant allowed schools to expand on what was deemed "useful" knowledge. -
Historically Black Universities
Fisk Free School (est. 1865) becomes chartered as Fisk University after the Civil War. Atlanta University, Roger Willams University, and Virginia Union College are all established. -
Chautauqua Innovations
These educational lectures gave a liberal college experience to adults, placed a significant emphasis on the role of continuing education in adulthood. -
The Comprimise of 1877
The contriversial instrument promised candidate Rutheford B. Hayes the presidency if he promised to remove Union troops from Florida, Lousiana, and South Carolina. Without the reprimand of the Union, Reconstruction suffered and educational opportunities for Black dwindled. -
Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle (CLSC)
One of the first correspondence schools in the US. Reaches several hundreds of thousands of people in the next 20 years. -
The Hull House
The Hull House is founded. It is a community outreach program to serve Chicago. It ends up being responsible for the education of many of the Second City's citizens, It is founded by Jane Addams and Ellen Gates Starr. -
North Carolina A&T State University
NorthCarolina A&T is established along with what is now North Carolina State University. Both are established to provide mechnical, technical, and agricultural education. However segreation laws will not allow them to co-exist though they have the same educational mission. -
Bethune-Cookman College
Mary McCleoud Bethune establishes Bethune Cookman College in Florida. Starts as Bethune School, then merges with the Cookman Institute. -
The Southern Literacy Campaign
For the next 2 decades, this program will exist to erradicate illiteracy among Blacks in the southern states. -
The National Safety Council
After a totally epic factory fire in New York caught national attention, the council was organized to bring safety education to the industrial movement all across the country. -
The Harlem Renaissance
A true boom of intellect, music, art, and literature that spread through Harlem between the first and second World War. -
Women's Suffrage!
The 19th Ammendment to the constitution gives women the vote. -
Ee-i-Kee
Zeta Phi Beta International Sorority Incorporated is founded on the campus of Howard University. Scholarship is a defining principle of the organization. -
Workers' Education Bureau
The Bureau is founded to ensure that American workers are educated and aware citizens. -
Federal Department of Adult Education
The National Education Association created its Department of Adult Education to educate migrant citizens. Eventually the scope broadens to include other areas of study. -
The Amercan Association for Adult Education
The AAAE is founded. -
Eduard C. Lindeman
The Meaning of Adult Education is published. -
Highland Research and Education Center
The school is established. It is instrumental in the education and activities of worker's education, then civil rights, then Appalachain issues. -
Founding of the Federal Emergency Relief Administrations and the Works Progress Administration
These federal sevices provide African Americans with adult education opportunities through programs in large northern cities. -
Their Eyes Were Watching God is Published
Zora Neale Hurston publishes her master novel. She engages in fueds with Richard Wright and other protest writers. She believes that the focus of thier work should remain on finding the value in the Black community and not complaining because Blacks "can't have tea at the Ritz." -
John Dewey
John Dewey publishes Freedom and Culture. This is just one of his many books (including Democracy and Education). He is a driving force in Adult Education. -
The GI Bill
The GI Bill of Rights is passed, giving military men the option to recieve an education with federal assistance. -
Gwendolyn Brooks wins Pulitzer
Gwendolyn Brooks is the first African American to win a pulitzer prize for poetry for her work ANNIE ALLEN. -
Formation of the AEA
The Adult Education Association of the USA was formed on the philosophy that the purpose of adult education was to make social action and social change. -
The Immigration and Naturalization Act
A federal act is passed to removed the racial boundaries purposely imposed to hinder the naturalization process of a non US citizen. -
Brown V. Board
The Supreme Court rules seperate schools for Blacks and whites to be unconstitutional. -
Parks sparks Civil Rights
Rosa Parks refuses to give up her seat on a bus. -
The Little Rock Nine begin school.
Nine black students enroll and attend high school in Little Rock, Arkansas. The governor stops the students from attending school at first. The outrage is so severe that the National Guard is called in so that the kids can attend school. -
The Library Services Act
The federal government extends services to public libraries. Library informaion systems studies made an impact on Adult Education. -
Organization of Afro American Unity
Maya Angelou meets with Malcolm X and plans events for the growing organization. The organizationi quickly becomes defunct after the assasination of brother Malcolm a few months later. -
The Higher Education Act
The Higher Education Act is established, providing funds for learners. This results in Pell Grants and Stafford Loans for students to go to school. -
Willard Straight Hall Takeover
Cornell University student organization (Afro American Society) takes over the administrative hall to protest lack of Africana Studies and racial injusticed on campus. They are heavily armed. No one is hurt. -
Museums Boom
Several museums are built between 1960 and 1969 -
Malcome Knowles
Malcome Knowles publishes "The Modern Practice of Adult Education: Andragogy vs. Pedagogy" -
Paulo Freire
Brazillian radical educator and philosopher publishes The Pedagogy of the Oppressed. -
P.L. 92-318
This Act is part of the Adult Education Act and provides more opportunities for adult American Indians. -
The congressional Black Caucus
Peter Stark (a white male) attempts to join the Congressional Black Caucus. He fails. -
Department of Education
The US Department of Education is created. -
P.L. 97-35
A week after I was born, President Regan adds ESL programs to the Adult Education Act. -
The Abolition of the National Advisory Council on Exetnsion and Continuing Education
Committee is no longer needed. Federal dollars are to be averted elsewhere. -
Harvard Law Review
B.H. Obama is elected editor of the prestigous Harvard Law Review. -
P.L. 102-73
The National Literacy Act and the Adult Education Act are fused together by congress. -
Workforce Investment Act
The Adult Education Act is repealed and changed to the Workforce Investment Act. -
Bethune Cookman University
Bethune Cookman College become a University and changes the name to reflect as much. -
Human Trafficking Awareness
Anuradha Koirala educates adults in India on dangers and tricks of human trafficking and brings awareness to the United States concerning the issue.
