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Edison invented the first sound recordings. These were known as tinfoil records.
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Berliner pattened the gramophone.
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Emile Berliner invented the grooved disc. The Berliner Disc was "glass covered with lampblack; traced and lacqured; photoengraved" (Stauderman).
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"Zinc disc coated with wax; traced; etched with acid" (Stauderman).
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Berliner wanted to find a material that could withstand repeated use and partnered with the inventor of celluloid J.W. Hyatt. However, the material could not handle the pressure of repated use.
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The record played at 78 revolutions per minute and were coated with shellac.
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Since shellac was hard to come by during WWII, records were pressed in Vinyl. According to library.yale.edu, "the 6 minute 12" 78 rpm records produced by V-Disc" were distributed to US troops during the war.
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Columbia Record introduced the 12" LP 33 1/2 rpm microgroove record to "address problems of recording and playing back narrow grooves" ( Record Collectors Guild, 2014).
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During this time period, there was an increase demand for stereo sound. Stereo LPs were invented to mee this need.
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Quadraphonic Vinyl records were on the market in 1972 due to the introduction of reel-to reel tapes and 8-track tap cartridges. However, these records lacked compatibility with the other formats on the market and most companies stopped the production after 1975.
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Up until recently, digital media has replaced the use of vinyl records, however, they have made a comback many production companies have started pressing new music on vinyl to sell to consumers.
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