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Shelled marine invertebrates appear; trilobites and brachiopods are common. First vertebrates appear.
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Giant cockroaches and dragonflies are common; coal deposits form; reptiles appear
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Echinoderms appear; brachiopods increase; trilobites decline; graptolites flourish; atmosphere reaches modern O2-rich state.
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Eurypterids, land plants and animals appear.
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Amphibians flourish; brachiopods are common in oceans; and forests and swamps cover most land.
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Age of fishes begins; amphibians appear; and gaint horsetails, ferns, and seed-bearing plants develop.
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Pangaea videoPangaea comes together; mass extinctions mark the end of the Paleozoic Era.
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Dinosaurs appear; ammonites are common; cycads and conifers are abundant; and mammals appear.
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Dinosaurs are the dominant life form; primitive birds and flying reptiles appear.
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Flowering plants and modern birds appear; mass extinctions mark the end of the Mesozoic Era
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Age of mammels begins; first primates begin
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Horses, flying squirrels, bats. and whales appear
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Deer, pigs camels, cats, and dogs appear
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Grazing heards are abundant; raccoons and wolves appear.
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Large carnivores appear