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The Romanov dynasty was the second and last imperial dynasty to rule over Russia. They ruled from 1613 to 1917 until the Russian revolution ended their rule.
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The Politburo was the communist party that made political decisions for the Soviet Union
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The Russian Civil War tore Russia apart for three years, between 1918 and 1921. The civil war occurred because after November 1917, many groups had formed that opposed Lenin’s Bolsheviks. The Bolsheviks emerged victorious and the Soviet Union was now in existence.
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This treaty ended the war between Russia and Germany (WWI) in 1918, but it showed weaknesses in Lenin’s leadership due to the fact that this land had a lot of Russian industry and warm water ports.
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The Five year plans were nationwide centralized economic plans in the Soviet Union. These five-year plans outlined programs for huge increases in the output of industrial goods. This was beneficial for the Soviet Union because it helped to industrialize their nation which resulted in more jobs being created and Russia becoming wealthier.
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Russia won this war and in return it transformed them into a worldwide superpower. During this war Russia had the best tanks which helped them to succeed in this war.
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The soviet project to develop an atomic began during and post world war 2 after they heard of the U.S.A’s nuclear projects. The first test of the soviet atomic bomb which was called First Lightning, was on August 29th, 1949
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The Warsaw Pact was a defense treaty between eight soviet states during the Cold War.This ensured that they would not attack each other and would be allies during a war.
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This was the first artificial satellite to be put into Earths orbit. It was launched on October 4th,1957. This gave the soviets a high amount of recognition and respect.
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Laika was a Soviet space dog that became the first animal to orbit the Earth and Sputnik 3 was the spacecraft that carried the dog.
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This was a failed lauch of a solid fuel rocket that was designed to test the mercury Launch Escape and Recovery systems. Approximately a half hour before launch time the escape rocket fired and lauched the mercury spacecraft away from the launch pad. The flight time was only 20 seconds.
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The Berlin wall was a thick concrete barrier that completely cut off West Berlin from East Germany and the rest of Berlin. Its construction started on August 13th, 1961.
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Bulgaria, Eastern Germany, Poland, and Hungary invaded the Czechoslovakia Socialist Republic to stop political liberalization reforms.
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This stands Strategic Arms Limitations Treaty and involved the U.S. and the Soviet Union on the issue of arms control during the Cold War. This treaty froze the number of missile lauchers at existing levels, and provided the addition of new submarine launched missiles.
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Negotiations between Jimmy Carter and Leonid Brezhnev to stop the manufacture of nuclear weapons.
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This was a 9 year war during the cold war involving the Soviet union who supported the Marxist-Lenin government against the Afghan Mujahideen.
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After the death of Konstantin Chernenko, Gorbachev becomes leader on March 11, 1985. At 54 he is the youngest person to ever be leader of the Soviet Union
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Catastrophic nuclear disaster that occurred at the chernobly nuclear power plant in Ukraine. 60% of the fallout landed in Belarus.
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allowed Soviet citizens to vote for people other than Communist Party members. The communist party in the Soviet Union had minimal losses in elections.
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Political movement within the Communist party. Its literal meaning means reconstructing and referred to reconstructing the Soviet polical and economic system. Caused the Soviet Union to collapse.
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Policy that increased freedom in government institutions in the Soviet Union.
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The first of these elections introduced a new democratic political order, improved on a new constitiutional order, and founded a new democratic structure for multi-parties.
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Peaceful protest where over 2 million people held hands and formed a human chain that spanned over 600 kilometers. The purpose of this was to draw global attention for their desire to be independent.
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The fall of the Berlin wall resulted in the unification of Germany which was concluded in 1990.
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After Gorbachev resigned Boris Yelstsin took over. He was elected on June 12th, 1991. One of the first things he did was introduce a new constitution with stronger presidential power.
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On December 25th, 1991 Gorbachev announced that he was going to resign. He said he resigned because he said the decision to dismantle the state should have been made “on the basis of popular will”.
