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500 BCE
Alchemists
Location: Mesopotamia, Ancient Egypt, Persia, India, Japan, Korea and China, in Classical Greece and Rome, in the Muslim civilizations, and then in Europe up to the 19th century
When: 500 BC
Known for: Laid down the foundation of the modern day Periodic Table of Elements. -
360 BCE
Aristotle
Location: Athens When: 360 BC- 340 BC
Known for: He did not believe the Atomic Theory he believed that all substances were made of Fire, Water, Air and Earth.
Fact: Only approximately one-third of Aristotle's books and writings have been saved. -
360 BCE
Democritus
Location: Greece When: 360 BC
Known for: Believed that everything was composed of atoms.
Fact: He was one of the worlds first, and greatest, Greek Philosophers. -
Antoine Lavoisier
Location: France When: Late to mid 1700s
Known for: Found the two elements that make up water (Oxygen and Hydrogen)
Fact: Has an award named after him called the Lavoisier Medal. -
John Dalton
Location: England When: Early 1800s
Known for: proposed that all matter was composed of atoms, indivisible and indestructible building blocks. While all atoms of an element were identical, different elements had atoms of differing size and mass.
Fact: Won the Royal Medal -
W.K. Roentgen
Location: France When: 1870s
Known for: He discovered X-rays, which react with Fluorescence.
Fact: Born March 27th, 1845 in Germany -
William Crookes
Location: London When: 1870s
Known for: Discovered the element thallium and invented the radiometer, the spinthariscope, and the Crookes tube.
Fact: Won the royal medal (1875) -
J.J Thompson
Location: Cambridge When: 1880s
Known for: He discovered the electron by experimenting with a crookes, or Cathode ray, tube.
Fact: In 1918 he became Master of Trinity College and held the post until his death. -
Charles Augustin De Coulomb
Location: France When: Late 1770s to Early 1800s
Known for: Coulombs Law- It states that the force between two electrical charges is proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Fact: He was the son of Henril Coulomb, an inspector of the Royal fields in Montpellier. -
Eugen Goldstein
Location: Germany When:1880s
Known for: Goldstein concluded that in addition to the electrons, or cathode rays, that travel from the negatively charged cathode toward the positively charged anode, there is another ray that travels in the opposite direction, from the anode toward the cathode.
Fact: Won the Hughes Medal -
The Curies
Location: Paris When: 1890s
Known for: Discovered Radium and Polonium.
Fact: Marie met Pierre Curie because she was looking for a larger laboratory space. -
Henri Becquerel
Location:France When: 1890s
Known for: Discover radioactivity
Fact: Nobel Prize in physics -
Ernest Ruther-Ford
Location: Cambridge When: 1897
Known for: He discovered alpha and beta rays, set forth the laws of radioactive decay, and identified alpha particles as heliem nuclei. Most important, he postulated the nuclear structure of the atom.
Fact: The element 'rutherfordium' was named in Rutherfords honor. -
Robert Millikan
Location: Pasadena, California When:Early to mid 1900s
Known for: Found the accurate determination of the charge carried by an electron
Fact:He was chairman of the executive counsil at Caltech. -
Albert Einstein
Location: Bern, Switzerland When: Early 1900s
Know for: In 1905, Albert Einstein published an analysis in which he devised a mathematical way to predict the size of both atoms and molecules.
Fact: Won the Nobel Prize in Physics (1921) and the Barnard Medal (1920) -
Max Planck
Location: Germany When: 1900s
Known for: The Quantum Theory
Fact: Won the Nobel Prize in Physics. (1918) -
Rutherford's Nuclear Atom
Proposed by: Ernest Rutherford
First Proposed: 1911 -
Solar System Model
Proposed by: Neils Bohr
First Proposed: 1913 -
Bohr's Model
Proposed by: Neils Bohr
First Proposed: 1913 -
Geiger
Location: In the cities of Erlangen and Nuremberg When: Early 1900
Known for: Atomic Nucleus
Fact: Won the Hughes Medal (1929) and the Duddell Medal and Prize.(1937) -
Neils Bohr
Location: Copenhagen When: 1920s-1930s
Known for: Bohr developed the Bohr model of the atom, in which he proposed that energy levels of electrons are discrete and that the electrons revolve in stable orbits around the atomic nucleus, but can jump from one energy level to another.
Fact: Bohr had been awarded his own Nobel Prize for physics in 1922 -
Erwin Schrodinger
Location: Austria and Dublin, Ireland When; 1920s
Known for: Quantum-Mechanical Theory(1926)
Known for: Won the Matteucci Medal, nobel prize in Physics and, Max Planck Medal -
James Chadwick
Location: Manchester When: 1920s-1930s
Known for: The discovery of the neutron.
Fact: During WW1, he was interned in the Zivilgefangenenlager, Ruhleben. -
Electron Cloud Model
Proposed by: Erwin Schrodinger and Werner Heinenberg
First Proposed: 1925 -
Lise Meiter
Location: Berlin, Germany When: Late 1930s to early 1940s
Known for: Led the small group of scientists who first discovered nuclear fission of uranium when it absorbed an extra neutron.
Fact: She was the first women to become a full professor of physics in Germany. -
Glenn T. Seaborg
Location: California When: 1940s
Known for: Discovered and investigated ten transuranium elements -
Otto Hahn
Location: Germany When: Mid 1900s
Known for: Discovered Nuclear fission during an experiment in which the uranium atom split into barium.
Fact: Won the Nobel Prize in chemistry (1944) -
Murray Cell-Mann + George Zweig
Location: Michigan When: Mid 1960s
Known for: Found that all Hadrons are made from smaller particles called quarks.
Facts:Gell-Mann speaks 13 languages fluently.
