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Army Language Method is introduced. (1939-1959)
Many Americans were monolingual due to Xenophobia after WWI. At the onset of WWII, this was a massive set back. The Army created a method for intensive exposure to languages for adults. -
Behaviorist Approach to Language Learning.
Language acquisition is a learned behavior through classical conditioning. -
Language Acquisition Device (LAD) -
Cognitive Theorists believe we use thought processes to acquire langauge. -
A term describing the role of context and social factors involved in interpretation language. Set a precedence for other researchers to identify various types of competence in language learning
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Theory used to describe the language of the learner as they are learning and it continually evolves
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Designed a model for Communicative Competence identifying 4 components: grammatical, sociolinguistic, strategic, and discourse competence.
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Based on some of the views of Chomsky, Krashen created his own Monitor Model with 5 subcategories: acquisition- learning hypothesis, monitor hypothesis, natural-order hypothesis, input hypothesis, and affective-filter hypothesis.
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Long believed that people get input from various sources and process it in three ways: simplifying info, linguistic and extra-linguistic features, and modifying the structure of conversation.
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Chomsky and Ellis continue with the idea that the LAD contains abstract principles of language that are the same or universal in all languages
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Input is necessary but not the sole condition for language development. The learner must also have opportunity for output. Learners need to speak.
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Theory based largely on the work of Vygotzky who developed the theories about the Zone of Proximal Development: competence and performance are one system.
