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The Thirty Years’ War was a 17th-century religious conflict fought primarily in central Europe. It remains one of the longest and most brutal wars in human history, with more than 8 million casualties resulting from military battles as well as from the famine and disease caused by the conflict.
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Galileo’s discoveries about the Moon, Jupiter’s moons, Venus, and sunspots supported the idea that the sun, not the Earth was the center of the Universe, as commonly believed at the time. Galileo’s work laid the foundation for today’s modern space probes and telescopes.
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In 1573, Danish astronomer Tycho Brahe was among those who noticed a new bright object in the constellations Cassiopeia, adding fuel to the intellectual fire that Copernicus started, Tycho showed this “New Star” was far beyond the Moon and that it was possible for the universe beyond the Sun and planets to change.
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The Council of Trent was the ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic Church that convened from 1545 – 1563. In response to the Protestant Reformation, key statements and clarifications regarding church doctrine, teaching, and practice were prepared. The Council of Trent was the formal Roman Catholic reply to the doctrinal challenges of the Protestant Reformation.
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Nicolaus Copernicus was an astronomer who introduced a heliocentric system, that the planets orbit around the sun that earth is a planet which, besides orbiting the sun each year also turns once daily on its own axis and that very slow changes in the direction of this axis account for the earlier occurrences of the equinoxes.
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Isaac Newton was well known for his discoveries in optics like white light composition and mathematics like calculus. It is his formulation of the three laws of motion the basic principles of modern physics for which he is most famous. He changed the way we understand the Universe. Reverend in his own lifetime, he discovered the laws of gravity and motion and invented calculus. He helped shape our rational worldview.
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