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Nicholas II was the last Emperor of Russia,
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16 Nov 1903 Karl Marx's followers split into two different groups because of a difference in opinion.
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This war grew out of rival imperial ambitions of the Russia and Japan over Manchuria and Korea.
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The Trans-Siberian Railway is a network of railways connecting Moscow with the Russian Far East and the Sea of Japan. It is the longest railway line in the world.
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The theory of relativity usually encompasses two theories by Albert Einstein: special relativity and general relativity.
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Bloody Sunday was the name that came to be given to the events of 22 January 1905 in St Petersburg, Russia, where unarmed demonstrators marching to present a petition to Tsar Nicholas II were fired upon by soldiers of the Imperial Guard, approaching the city center and the Winter Palace from several gathering points.
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Sun Yat-sen was a Chinese revolutionary, first president and founding father of the Republic of China.
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25 Aug 1912 The Party was initially founded on August 25, 1912, by Sun Yat-sen but dissolved in November 1913. It reformed on October 10th 1919, again led by Sun Yat-sen, and became the ruling party in China.
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This was a revolution focused around Petrograd. Members of the Imperial parliament or Duma assumed control of the country, forming the Russian Provisional Government.
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During the February Revolution, Czar Nicholas II, ruler of Russia since 1894, is forced to abdicate the throne by the Petrograd insurgents, and a provincial government is installed in his place.
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1 Oct 1917 Lenin was a Russian communist revolutionary, politician and political theorist. He served as the leader of the Russian SFSR from 1917, and then concurrently as Premier of the Soviet Union from 1922, until his death.
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25 Oct 1917 The Bolshevik Revolution, was a seizure of state power instrumental in the larger Russian Revolution of 1917.
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2 Nov 1917 The Russian Civil War was a multi-party war in the former Russian Empire fought between the Bolshevik Red Army and the White Army
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3 Mar 1918 The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was a peace treaty between the new Bolshevik government of Russia and the Central Powers which ended Russia's participation in World War I.
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The May Fourth Movement was an anti-imperialist, cultural, and political movement growing out of student demonstrations in Beijing on May 4, 1919, protesting the Chinese government's weak response to the Treaty of Versailles.
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11 Aug 1919 The Weimar Republic was a weak, untrusted government set up in 1919 to replace the imperial form of government. It lasted only 14 years.
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The Nazi Party was a political party in Germany active between 1920 and 1945.
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1 Jan 1922 The USSR was a socialist state that existed between 1922 and 1991, governed as a single-party state by the Communist Party with Moscow as its capital.
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The NEP represented a more capitalism-oriented economic policy, deemed necessary after the Russian Civil War of 1917 to 1922, to foster the economy of the country, which was almost ruined.
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Mussolini was the leader of the National Fascist Party, ruling the country as Prime Minister from 1922 until his ousting in 1943. He ruled constitutionally until 1925, when he dropped democracy and set up dictatorship.
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Mussolini was the leader of the National Fascist Party, ruling the country as Prime Minister from 1922 until his ousting in 1943. He ruled constitutionally until 1925, when he dropped democracy and set up dictatorship.
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Mein Kampf (pronounced [maɪ̯n kampf], "My Struggle") is an autobiographical manifesto by Nazi leader Adolf Hitler, in which he outlines his political ideology and future plans for Germany. Volume 1 of Mein Kampf was published in 1925 and Volume 2 in 1926.[1] The book was edited by the former Hieronymite friar Bernhard Stempfle, who later died during the Night of the Long Knives.[2][3][4]
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Hirohito was the emperor of Japan from 1926 until his death in 1989. He was the longest-reigning monarch in Japan's history.
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1 Apr 1927 The Chinese Civil War was a civil war in China fought between forces loyal to the government of the Republic of China led by the Kuomintang and forces of the Communist Party of China.
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As a 25-year-old U.S. Air Mail pilot, Lindbergh emerged suddenly from virtual obscurity to instantaneous world fame as the result of his Orteig Prize-winning solo non-stop flight on May 20–21, 1927,
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The Five-Year Plan was a series of nation-wide centralized economic plans in the Soviet Union.
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The countries who signed agreed not to use war to solve disputes or conflicts. Germany, France, And the United States were the countries who signed it.
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The Committee, which had been appointed by the Allied Reparations Committee, met in the first half of 1929, and submitted its first report on June 7 of that year.
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Great Depression Began
29 Oct 1929 The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression in the decade preceding World War II. -
29 Oct 1929 Black Tuesday is the day that the stock market crashed, officially setting off the Great Depression. Unemployment skyrocketed--a quarter of the workforce was without jobs by 1933 and many people became homeless.
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The Neutrality Acts were passed by the United States Congress in the 1930s, in response to the growing turmoil in Europe and Asia that eventually led to World War II. They were spurred by the growth in isolationism and non-interventionism in the US following its costly involvement in World War I, and sought to ensure that the US would not become entangled again in foreign conflicts.
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19 Sep 1931 The Japanese invasion of Manchuria began when the Kwantung Army of Japan invaded Manchuria immediately following the Mukden Incident.
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19 Sep 1931 The Japanese Kwantung Army occupied Manchuria, a Chinese province, using as a pretext a faked incident on the main railroad.
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1 Jan 1933 The New Deal was a series of domestic programs enacted in the United States between 1933 and 1938. They were a reaction to the Great Depression.
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30 Jan 1933 President Paul von Hindenburg names Adolf Hitler, as chancellor of Germany.
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30 Jan 1933 The Holocaust refers to the period from January 30, 1933 to May 8, 1945, when the war in Europe officially ended. During this time, Jews in Europe were subjected to progressively harsher persecution that ultimately led to the murder of 6,000,000 Jews and the destruction of 5,000 Jewish communities.
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1 Mar 1933 Roosevelt was an American statesman who served as the 32nd President of the United States. He was elected for four consecutive terms, and remains the only president ever to serve more than eight years.
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The Long March was a military retreat undertaken by the Red Army of the Communist Party of China, the forerunner of the People's Liberation Army, to evade the pursuit of the Kuomintang (KMT or Chinese Nationalist Party) army
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1 Jan 1934 The Great Purge was a campaign of political repression in the Soviet Union orchestrated by Joseph Stalin from 1934 to 1939.
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The League of Nations (abbreviated as LN in English, "Société des Nations" abbreviated as SDN in French) was an intergovernmental organisation founded as a result of the Paris Peace Conference that ended the First World War. It was the first international organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace
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The Treaty had said he could only have an army of 100,000 men. Hitler built up his army in secret. He broke the treaty in many other ways as well.
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1 Jan 1935 The Treaty had said he could only have an army of 100,000 men. Hitler built up his army in secret. He broke the treaty in many other ways as well.
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The Second Italo–Ethiopian War, also referred to as the Second Italo–Abyssinian War, was a colonial war that started in October 1935 and ended in May 1936. The war was fought between the armed forces of the Kingdom of Italy (Regno d'Italia) and the armed forces of the Ethiopian Empire (also known at the time as Abyssinia). The war resulted in the military o
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17 Mar 1936 Adolf Hitler violates the Treaty of Versailles and the Locarno Pact by sending German military forces into the Rhineland.
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1 Jul 1936 n October 1936, Franco was appointed generalissimo of Nationalist Spain and head of state. In November 1936, Nazi Germany and Fascist Spain recognised Franco as the legitimate ruler of Spain. His government was recognised as legitimate by the French and the British in February 1939. In April 1939, America recognised Franco as head of Spain.
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Rome-Berlin Axis, Coalition formed in 1936 between Italy and Germany.
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13 Dec 1937 The Rape of Nanking was an episode of mass murder and mass rape committed by Japanese troops against Nanking during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
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Immediately after the Anschluss of Austria into the Third Reich in March 1938, Hitler made himself the advocate of ethnic Germans living in Czechoslovakia, triggering the "Sudeten Crisis".
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1 Mar 1938 The Anschluss was the occupation and annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany in 1938.
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28 Apr 1938 Benito Mussolini was shot by Italian partisans who had captured the couple as attempted to flee to Switzerland.
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The Munich Agreement was a settlement permitting Nazi Germany's annexation of portions of Czechoslovakia along the country's borders mainly inhabited by German speakers, for which a new territorial designation "Sudetenland" was coined
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9 Nov 1938 Kristallnacht was a pogrom against Jews in Germany and parts of Austria on November 9th and 10th.
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1 Jan 1939 After Lenin died in 1924, Stalin eventually outmaneuvered his rivals and won the power struggle for control of the Communist Party. By the late 1920s, he had become dictator of the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union Under Joseph Stalin
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23 Aug 1939 Representatives from Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union met and signed the Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact, which guaranteed that the two countries would not attack each other.
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The German invasion began on 1 September 1939, one week after the signing of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact
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1 Sep 1939 This period of eight months of relative inactivity on the Western Front between September 1939 and May 1940 was also variously known as “the Phony War”, “the Twilight War” and “the Bore War”.
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10 May 1940 On the outbreak of the Second World War, he was again appointed First Lord of the Admiralty. Following the resignation of Neville Chamberlain on 10 May 1940, Churchill became Prime Minister.
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26 May 1940 Auschwitz concentration camp was a network of concentration and extermination camps built and operated by the Third Reich in Polish areas annexed by Nazi Germany during World War II.
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27 May 1940 The Dunkirk evacuation was the evacuation of Allied soldiers from the beaches and harbour of Dunkirk, France, between 27 May and 4 June 1940.
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20 Jun 1940 The Battle of Britain is the name given to the Second World War air campaign waged by the German Air Force against the United Kingdom during the summer and autumn of 1940.
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1 Jul 1940 Vichy France was France during the regime of Marshal Philippe Pétain, during World War II, from the German victory in the Battle of France to the Allied liberation.
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27 Sep 1940 The Tripartite Pact was a pact signed in Berlin, Germany on September 27, 1940, which established the Axis Powers of World War II.
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The Lend-Lease policy, formally titled An Act to Further Promote the Defense of the United States
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22 Jun 1941 Operation Barbarossa was the code name for Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II.
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7 Dec 1941 The attack on Pearl Harbor was a surprise military strike conducted by the Imperial Japanese Navy against the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on the morning of December 7, 1941.
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7 Dec 1941 The Atlantic Charter was a pivotal policy statement issued early in World War II defined the Allied goals for the post-war world.
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The US declared war on Japan on December 8, 1941.
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The Chelmno concentration camp was built to exterminate Jews of the Lodz Ghetto and the local Polish inhabitants of Warthegau.
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1 Jan 1942 The Final Solution was Nazi Germany's plan during World War II to systematically exterminate the Jewish people in Nazi-occupied Europe, which resulted in the most deadly phase of the Holocaust, the destruction of Jewish communities in continental Europe.
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19 Feb 1942 Japanese American internment was the World War II internment in "War Relocation Camps" of over 110,000 people of Japanese heritage who lived on the Pacific coast of the United States.
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9 Apr 1942 The Bataan Death March was the forcible transfer by the Imperial Japanese Army of 60,000–80,000 Filipino and American prisoners of war after the three-month Battle of Bataan in the Philippines during World War II.
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18 Apr 1942 The April 1942 air attack on Japan, led by Lieutenant Colonel Doolittle, was the most daring operation yet undertaken by the United States in the Pacific War. Though conceived as a diversion that would also boost American and allied morale, the raid generated strategic benefits that far outweighed its limited goals.
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4 May 1942 The Battle of the Coral Sea was a major naval battle in the Pacific Theater of World War II between the Japanese Navy, and naval and air forces from the United States and Australia.
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The Battle of Midway in the Pacific Theater of Operations was one of the most important naval battles of World War II.[6][7][8] Between 4 and 7 June 1942, only six months after Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor, and one month after the Battle of the Coral Sea, the United States Navy (USN), under Admirals Chester W. Nimitz, Frank Jack Fletcher, and Raymond A. Spruance decisively defeated an attack by the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN), under Admirals Isoroku Yamamoto, Chuichi Nagumo, and Nobutake Kond
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1 Jul 1942 There were two battles of El Alamein in World War II, both fought in 1942.The Battles occurred in North Africa in Egypt in and around an area named after a railway stop called El Alamein.
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Fought between 7 August 1942 and 9 February 1943 on and around the island of Guadalcanal in the Pacific theatre of World War II.
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7 Aug 1942 Fought between 7 August 1942 and 9 February 1943 on and around the island of Guadalcanal in the Pacific theatre of World War II.
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23 Aug 1942 The Battle of Stalingrad was a major battle of World War II in which Nazi Germany and its allies fought the Soviet Union for control of the city of Stalingrad.
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8 Nov 1942 Operation Torch was the British-American invasion of French North Africa during the North African Campaign of WWII.
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The Casablanca Conference (codenamed SYMBOL) was held at the Anfa Hotel in Casablanca, Morocco, then a French protectorate, from January 14 to 24, 1943, to plan the Allied European strategy for the next phase of World War II.
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The Washington Conference was held in Washington, D.C. was a World War II strategic meeting from May 12 to May 27, 1943, between the heads of government of the United Kingdom and the United States.
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9 Jul 1943 The Allied invasion of Sicily was a major World War II campaign in which the Allies took Sicily from the Axis Powers.
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20 Nov 1943 Island hopping was a military strategy employed by the Allies in the Pacific War against Japan and the Axis powers during World War II. The idea was to bypass heavily fortified Japanese positions and instead concentrate the limited Allied resources on strategically important islands that were not well defended but capable of supporting the drive to the main islands of Japan.
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28 Nov 1943 The Tehran Conference was a strategy meeting held between Joseph Stalin, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Winston Churchill. It was held in the Soviet Embassy in Tehran, Iran and was the first of the World War II conferences held between all of the "Big Three".
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Operation Overlord was the code name for the Battle of Normandy, the operation that launched the invasion of German-occupied western Europe during World War II by Allied forces.
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1 Oct 1944 Kamikazes were suicide attacks by military aviators from the Empire of Japan against Allied naval vessels in the closing stages of the Pacific campaign of World War II, designed to destroy warships more effectively than was possible with conventional attacks.
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20 Oct 1944 After advancing island by island across the Pacific Ocean, U.S. General Douglas MacArthur wades ashore onto the Philippine island of Leyte, fulfilling his promise to return to the area he was forced to flee in 1942.
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16 Dec 1944 The Battle of the Bulge was a major German offensive campaign launched through the Ardennes region of Belgium, France and Luxembourg on the Western Front toward the end of World War II in Europe.
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4 Feb 1945 The Yalta Conference, held February 4–11, 1945, was the World War II meeting of the heads of government of the United States, the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union for the purpose of discussing Europe's post-war reorganization.
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19 Feb 1945 The Battle of Iwo Jima was a major battle in which the United States Armed Forces fought for and captured the island of Iwo Jima from the Japanese Empire.
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10 Apr 1945 The Battle of Okinawa was fought on the Ryukyu Islands of Okinawa and was the largest amphibious assault in the Pacific War of World War II.
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Adolf Hitler committed suicide by gunshot on 30 April 1945 in his Führerbunker in Berlin
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The Battle of Berlin ended on 2 May. On that date, General der Artillerie Helmuth Weidling, the commander of the Berlin Defense Area, unconditionally surrendered the city to General Vasily Chuikov of the Soviet army.[9] On the same day the officers commanding the two armies of Army Group Vistula north of Berlin, (General Kurt von Tippelskirch, commander of the German 21st Army and General Hasso von Manteuffel, commander of Third Panzer Army), surrendered to the We
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8 May 1945 Victory in Europe Day was the public holiday celebrated on 8 May 1945 to mark the formal acceptance by the Allies of World War II of Nazi Germany's unconditional surrender of its armed forces. It thus marked the end of World War II in Europe.
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The Manhattan Project was a research and development project that produced the first atomic bombs during World War II
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17 Jul 1945 The Potsdam Conference was held at Cecilienhof, the home of Crown Prince Wilhelm Hohenzollern, in Potsdam, occupied Germany, from 17 July to 2 August 1945.
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6 Aug 1945 A uranium gun-type atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima on August 6, 1945.
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9 Aug 1945 A second atom bomb is dropped on Japan by the United States, at Nagasaki, resulting finally in Japan's unconditional surrender.
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2 Sep 1945 The surrender of the Empire of Japan on September 2, 1945, brought the hostilities of World War II to a close
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2 Sep 1945 Victory over Japan Day is a name chosen for the day on which Japan surrendered, in effect ending World War II.
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20 Nov 1945 The Nuremberg Trials were a series of military tribunals, held by the Allied forces after World War II, most notable for the prosecution of prominent members of the political, military, and economic leadership of Nazi Germany.
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In 1917, Sun Yat-sen moved his base of operations to Guangzhou, and Chiang joined him in 1918.
