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The Crusades was the period in which multiple religiously charged wars occurred between Christians and Muslims. The Pope ordering Western Christians to capture certain land in Muslim control was the root for the Crusades.
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The Battle of Civetot was one of the most notable conflict between Christian and Muslim forces. This battle was fought between the Seljuk Forces and the People's Crusade. Only a few thousand survived this battle. -
The Siege of Lisbon is a lesser known event that occurred during the Second Crusade. This siege inevitably ended in the City of Lisbon surrendering. -
The Siege of Jerusalem was a key event of the crusades and came directly after the Battle of Hattin. The siege lasted from September 20 to October 2 and the city was then peacefully surrendered. -
This siege was the event of a Fourth Crusade and resulted in the Capture of those in Constantinople. After the empire was later restored, it remained significantly weaker. -
The Black Death, formally known as the Bubonic Plague is one of the most infamous and most fatal pandemics in human history. This plague spread widely throughout Europe and even erupted in areas of Western Asia. At the time, many believed the cause was rats but even currently this has not be proved and is unlikely.
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After a ship from Mongolia arrived in Sicily, the first strain the Bubonic Plague left most on the ship dead. This strain led on to kill about a third of Italy's population and begin to spread around Europe. -
The increased spread of the plague awakened a rush of anti-Semitism in Europe where multiple massacres in Jewish communities occurred. Around 40 Jews were killed. -
An English ship arrives in Norway along with the Black Death. The ship's crew was dead within a week and the plague went on to wipe out two of the King's brothers and continued throughout Europe. -
Since Scotland has steered clear of the plague, they planned a mass invasion on one of the most infected countries, England. After the invasion, many soldiers brought the disease back to their homes in Scotland. -
The Early Renaissance was the beginning of a massive cultural and artistic rebirth throughout Europe. A few first generation Renaissance artist would be Donatello (sculptor) and Masaccio (painter).
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The city of Rome was swept by a heap of artists that displayed their work. Famous artist such as Michelangelo and Raphael were the most notable artist during this time that swept the nation. Rome is one of the first historical landmarks of the Renaissance. -
The Medici family was the family that ruled Florence, Italy. They were one of the wealthiest and well known families that were known by many. They made their money as bankers and quickly became the wealthy holders of many art pieces circulating during that time. The are also nick named "the Godfathers of the Renaissance". -
The Age of Exploration was a period in Europe where many extensive oversea journeys took place. Many European explorers gained infamy due to their trips they took to other continents over sea.
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Leonardo da Vinci was born in 1452 and soon became famous around the 1490's. This fame was gained from of his most prized works, the Mona Lisa (1505) and the Last Supper (1495) are some of his most influential paintings. -
The High Renaissance or the peak of the Renaissance began during this time. Many famous paintings, sculptures, and architecture derived from the height of the Renaissance.
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The Protestant Reformation was somewhat of a religious awakening that began throughout Europe. It was due to the separation of the Roman Catholic Church into a branch of Christianity. This made the accessibility of religion more inclusive to those who were not wealthy at the time due to the Church's treatment of lower class citizens.
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The Late Renaissance is classified as the late periods of the Renaissance as a whole and is often characterized as the Mannerist era. Mannerism soon became the architectural style that dominated the late years of the Renaissance.
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The Scientific Revolution emphasized the use of experimentation outside of religion or religious under tones. This opened up opportunities for many scientist to make developments in mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology, and chemistry.