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Wade- Davis bill
Bill written by 2 republicans to propose the reconstruction of the south (1864) Context:. The bill passed both houses of Congress on July 2, 1864, but was pocket vetoed by Lincoln and never took effect. The bill required that 50 percent of a state's white males take a loyalty oath to be readmitted to the Union. -
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13th to 15th amendments
The 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments, known collectively as the Civil War Amendments Context: they were designed to ensure equality for recently emancipated slaves. The 13th Amendment banned slavery and all involuntary servitude, except in the case of punishment for a crime. -
special field order 15
military orders issued during the American Civil War, on January 16, 1865, by General William Tecumseh Sherman Context: The order were issued after Sherman’s march to the sea and it was intended to address the problem of dealing with the tens of thousands of black refugees who had joined Sherman's march in search of protection and sustenance. General Sherman provided for the confiscation of 400,000 acres of land along the Atlantic coast of South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida -
Lincoln's reconstruction plan
Lincoln's blueprint for Reconstruction, “Ten-Percent Plan” context: The ten percent plan issued on December 8, 1863, by President Abraham Lincoln, during the American Civil War. By this point in the war, the Union Army had pushed the Confederate Army out of several regions of the South, and some Rebellious states were ready to have their governments rebuilt. Lincoln's plan established a process through which this reconstruction could come about. -
Lincoln's death
Assassination of Abraham Lincoln Context: murderous attack on Abraham Lincoln, the 16th president of the United States, at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C., on the evening of April 14, 1865. Shot in the head by Confederate John Wilkes Booth, Lincoln died the next morning. Abraham Lincoln was shot and killed at the the Ford’s theatre by John Wilkes Booth with a revolver. -
Ku Klux Klan
movements at different points in time in the history of the United States. Each has advocated extremist reactionary positions such as white supremacy, white nationalism, anti-immigration and especially later in iterations Nordicism and anti-Catholicism. it was suppressed around 1871, through federal law enforcement. Members made their own, often colorful, costumes: robes, masks and conical hats, designed to be terrifying and to hide their identities. -
Freedmen's bureau
was established in 1865 by Congress to help millions of former black slaves and poor whites in the South in the aftermath of the Civil War. The Freedmen’s Bureau provided food, housing and medical aid, established schools and offered legal assistance. It also attempted to settle former slaves on land confiscated or abandoned during the war. However, the bureau was prevented from fully carrying out its programs due to shortage of funds and personnel, along with the politics and Reconstruction. -
Civil right bill of 1866
The act declared that all persons born in the United States were now citizens, without regard to race, color, or previous condition. Context: The Civil Rights Act of 1866, 14 enacted April 9, 1866, was the first us federal law to define citizenship and affirm that all citizens are equally protected by the law.It was mainly intended, in the wake of the american civil war, to protect the civil rights of persons of African descent born in or brought to the U.S -
Radical Republican
The Radical Republicans were a faction of American politicians within the Republican Party of the United States Context: Radical republican called themselves "Radicals" with a sense of a complete permanent eradication of slavery and secession, without compromise. They were opposed during the War by the moderate republicans, by the conservative Republicans, and by the anti-abolitionist and anti-Reconstruction democratic party and by conservatives in the South in the North during Reconstruction -
The black code
The black codes were laws that were passed by the southern states after the civil war in 1865 and 1866 in order to restrict African american freedom Context: Black Codes were part of a larger pattern of Southern whites, who were trying to suppress the new freedom of emancipated African-American slaves, the freedmen. Black codes were essentially replacements for slave codes in those states. Before the war in states that prohibited slavery, some Black Codes were also enacted. -
Reconstruction act
The Reconstruction Acts of 1867 laid out the process for readmitting Southern states into the Union
An act to provide for the more efficient government of the Rebel States. it was passed on March 2, 1867. Fulfill the requirements of the Acts was necessary for the former Confederate States to be re-admitted to the Union and Federal control imposed during and after the American Civil War. -
Sharecropping
Sharecropping is a form of agriculture in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on their portion of land. Context: After the Civil War, former slaves sought jobs, and planters sought laborers. The absence of cash or an independent credit system led to the creation of sharecropping. -
Impeachment of Andrew Johnson
The Impeachment of Andrew Johnson occurred in 1868, when the United States House of Representatives resolved to impeach U.S. President Andrew Johnson Context: The House's primary charge against Johnson was violation of the Tenure of Office Act, passed by the U.S. Congress in March 1867, over the President's veto -
Scalawag
scalawags were white Southerners who supported Reconstruction and the Republican Party, after the American Civil War. Context: the word has a long history of use as a slur in Southern partisan debates. The opponents of the scalawags claimed they were disloyal to traditional values of white supremacy. -
The great constitutional
The laws and amendments of Reconstruction reflected the intersection of two products of the Civil War era—a newly empowered national state, and the idea of a national citizenry enjoying equality before the law. Context: Before the Civil War, American citizenship had been closely linked to race. The first Congress, in 1790, had limited to whites the right to become a naturalized citizen when immigrating from abroad. -
Enforcement act
The Enforcement Acts were three bills passed by the United States Congress between 1870 and 1871. They were criminal codes which protected African-Americans' right to vote, to hold office, to serve on juries, and receive equal protection of laws.
The main goal in creating these acts was to improve conditions for blacks and freed slaves. The main target was the Ku Klux Klan, a racist organization, which was targeting blacks, and, later, other groups. -
Slaughterhouse cases
The Slaughterhouse Cases, 83 U.S. 36, was the first United States Supreme Court interpretation of the U.S. Constitution's Fourteenth Amendment which had recently been enacted. as the federal rights of citizenship were then few, such as the right to travel between states and to use navigable rivers, the amendment did not protect the far broader range of rights covered by state citizenship. the amendment was interpreted to convey limited protection to a small minority of rights. -
Civil Rights Act of 1875
The Civil Rights Act of 1875 (18 Stat. 335–337), sometimes called Enforcement Act or Force Act, was a United States federal law enacted during the Reconstruction Era in response to civil rights violations to African Americans, "to protect all citizens in their civil and legal rights" Giving african-americans equal treatment in public accommodations, public transportation, and to prohibit exclusion from jury service -
Bargain of 1877
The Compromise of 1877 was an informal, unwritten deal that settled the intensely disputed 1876 U.S. presidential election. It resulted in the United States federal government pulling the last troops out of the South, and formally ended the Reconstruction Era. Context: The compromise involved Democrats who controlled the House of Representatives allowing the decision of the Electoral Commission to take effect. The outgoing president, Republican Ulysses S. Grant remove the soldiers from Florida
