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The Panic of 1837
Turmoil started in 1873 when railroad investments forced the powerful banking firm of Jay Cooke and company. The panic quickly spread through the nations company. Buisness shut down and Americans thown out of work. -
African American Communites
Many wanted to gain conrtol the communties. many African Americans wanted go get an education and be successful as soon as they were freed. Over 600,000 African Americans attended school in the region. -
African Americans Enter Politics
Enslaved people took part in governing the South. African American leaders in the South came from those who had been educated before the war. African Americans went from slaves to legistlators and administrators. -
The Radical Republicans
They were a loose faction of american politicians. They called themsleves radicals and apposed the war. Radicals passed their own Reconstruction plan. But Lincoln vetoed the plan because he did not approve of it. They also wanted freedom for slavery and civil rights. -
Radical Republicans Take Control
The Black Codes convinced many republicans to join the Radicals in opposing Johnson's Reconstruction. In 1865 the house and senate republicans created the Joint Committe on Reconstruction. -
Johnson Takes Office
After Lincolns assination Jhonson became president. He served as
a mayor and state legistlator. Before Lincoln died he appointed johnson's millitary governer of state. Johnson belived that a modern policy needed to bring everyone together. -
Lincoln's Plan
lincoln appointed military governers for the regions under union control. He also wanted to develope a plan to restore regular goverment . Lincoln wanted a modern policy that would reconsider the south with the union instead of punishing it for treason. -
The Wade Davis Bill
The bill required the majority of adult white men in a former confederate state. congress passed the wade-Davis Bill but Lincoln blocked it with a pocket veto. That means he let the session of congress expire without signing the legistlation. -
The Freedmen's Bureau
The refugees Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands known as the Freedmen Bureau. the Bureau is suppose to feed and cloth the refugees. Beginnng of September 1865 the Bureau issued 30,000 rations a day. Bureau established colleges for African American teachers. -
Black Codes
IT limited African Americans rights in the South. The codes are suppose to keep African Americans in a condtion similar to slavery. The were enraged by the Black Codes. African American children were beaten while serving in apprenticeships. -
Carpetbaggers and Scalawags
Scalawags is a term describing worthless livestock. Some Carpet baggers use suitecases made of fabric. Scalawags can be described as an old Scotch-Irish term for weak or undeferred. -
Johnson's Plan
In the Spring of 1865 he issued a new Proclamation Amnesty to help the one Lincoln had issued earlier. Jonhson offered to pardon the citizens of the confederacy who took an oathtogie them back their property. -
Southern Resistance
African Americans was taking resentment from several whites.The Ku Klux Klan goal was to drive out the union troops and carpetbaggers also regain control of the South. they dressed in hooded white robes. They were taking over by burning and destroying all the great accmplshiments of African Americans. -
The Election of 1866
President Johnson attacked the Fourteenth Amendment and made it a major issue of 1866. He hoped that Northern voters would turn against the Radicals and elect a new congress that would support his plan. -
Military Reconstruction
The Rebulicans passed the Military Reconstruction Act that wiped out Johnsons plan. The act divided the 14 Amendement into five military districts.The new state Constitution had to give the right to vote to all adult male citizens regaurdless of race. -
The Grant Administration
In 1868 Grant led the North to victory in the Civil War. A presidents role was to carry oout laws, develope a policy. Grant became stressed out. He started lacking political exprince wich left the congress curious. -
Impeachment
The house of Reps. wanted to Impeach Johnson because they charged him with high crimes and misdemeanors. He also had broken the law by refusing to uphold the Tenture of Office Act. On May 16, 1868 the Senate voted 35 to 19 that Johnson was guilty. -
The Fourteenth Amendment
Granted citezenship to all persons born or natralized in the US and decalared that no sate could deprive any person of liberty,life or property. It also said that no sate could deny any person equal protection. -
The Fifteenth Amendent
This Amendment declared the right to vote should not be denied on ccount of race,color,or previous condition. -
Republican Rule in the South
All of the confederate states rejoined the union under congressional Reconstructon plan. The republican party took power and started several major reforms. Southerners believed the Union army had forced the new republicans goverments on them. -
Republican Reforms in the South
The South quickly instituted a number of reforms. They established state hospitals, and instition. Theyalso built transportation services and new public schools. The South was in alot of debt for doing all these things. -
Scandals Mar Grant's Second Term
William Belkap was found to have accepted bribes from merchants opperating at army posts in West. He was impeached but resigned before the senate before the Senate. -
Reconstruction Ends
The end of Reconstruction controlled the goverment in the South to white Southerners. Reconstruction continues to be disputed by historians today. -
The Reconstruction Battle Begins
Souths economy was in a state of collaspe. The land was no longer up to par, conferdate money was worthless, two thirds of the transportation syestem was ruined. African Americans threw the argiculture system into chaos. -
The Repbulican Split
Congress expanded programs to the Civil War to promote commerce indusrty. The republic Congress kept taxes on alchohol and tobacco. Sin Taxes helped the goverment pay off bonds that they owed to the civil war
