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Born
Baby is an infant and dependent on mother. -
2 months
- Holds head up when on tummy
- Kicks both arms and legs while on back
- Briefly relaxes hands from fists for short periods
- Grasps adult finger
- Raises head and chest while lying on stomach
- Primitive reflexes present, including the rooting and sucking reflex
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4 month
- Holds head steady without support
- Maintains hold of a toy placed in their hands
- Swings arm at objects
- Brings hands to mouth
- Pushes up from ground onto elbows when lying on tummy
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6 Months
- Rolls from tummy to back and may roll from back to tummy
- Pushes arms straight when on tummy
- Uses hands to support when sitting
- Supports weight equally on legs when standing with support
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9 Months
- Moves into the sitting position without support
- Transfers items from one hand to the other
- Uses fingers as a “rake” to pull food and objects towards self
- Sits without support
- Lowers body with control while using support
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12 Months / 1 year
- Pulls up to stand
- Walks or “cruises” along furniture for support
- Drinks from a cup without a lid with adult support
- Uses thumb and finger “pincer grasp” to pick up small items
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15 Months
- Takes a few steps independently
- Feeds themself finger foods
- Squats to pick up an object from the floor and then stands up without support
- Makes marks on paper using crayon
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18 Months
- Walks independently
- Drinks from a cup
- Tries to use a spoon
- Climbs on and off furniture independently
- Tries to kick a ball after observing an adult
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24 Months / 2 Years
- Kicks a ball
- Runs
- Walks up and down stairs while holding on for support
- Eats with a spoon
- Turns doorknobs
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30 Months
- Uses hands to twist and unscrew objects
- Takes off loose clothing alone
- Jumps off the ground with both feet
- Can turn book pages one at a time
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36 Months / 3 Years
- Strings items onto a string such as large beads or macaroni
- Dresses self in loose clothing
- Uses a fork
- Pedals a tricycle
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4 Years
- Walk easily up and down steps, one foot to a step throw, catch, bounce and kick a ball, and use a bat
- climb ladders and trees
- stand on tiptoe, walk and run on tiptoe
- walk along a line for a short distance
- ride their tricycle very well and may try a bicycle with trainer wheels
- stand on one foot for a few seconds, and probably hop
- thread beads to make a necklace
- swing themselves on a swing
- dress themselves if the fastenings are not too difficult
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5 Years
- Hops and may be able to skip.
- Does somersaults.
- Uses a fork and spoon, and sometimes a table knife.
- Stands on one foot for at least 10 seconds.
- Uses the toilet independently.
- Swings and climbs.
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6 Years
- Have grown about 2.5 in. (6 cm) since their last birthday.
- Have gained about 7 lb (3 kg) since their last birthday.
- Are developing their first molars.
- Are starting to lose baby teeth.
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7 Years
- Grow about 6 cm (2.5 in.) and gain about 3 kg (7 lb) in a year.
- Lose about four baby teeth each year. These are replaced by permanent teeth.
- More competent at physical skills that require coordination such as climbing and swimming.
- Their fine motor skills are becoming more refined, and they should be able to use scissors with more ease, and be able to write their name
- Dress themselves independently
- Easily catch a ball
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8 Years
- Grow about 2.5 in. (6 cm) and gain about 7 lb (3 kg) in a year.
- May have arms and legs that seem too long for their bodies.
- Lose about four baby teeth each year. These baby teeth are replaced by permanent teeth.
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9 Years
- Grow about 6 cm (2.5 in.) and gain about 3 kg (7 lb) in a year.
- Start to show a growth pattern related to gender. Girls are starting to get taller and weigh more than boys.
- Lose about four baby teeth each year. These are replaced with permanent teeth.
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10 Years
- Grow about 6 cm (2.5 in.) and gain about 3 kg (7 lb) in a year.
- Have growth patterns related to their sex. Girls are usually taller and weigh more than boys.
- Signs of early puberty may develop in girls, such as breast buds.
- Lose about four baby teeth each year. These are replaced by permanent teeth.