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"I have seen a substance excellently adapted to the purpose of wiping from paper the mark of black lead pencil."
-Sir Joseph Priestley -
He used a mixture of clay and graphite that was fired before being put into the wood, replacing lead.
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He called his process of making longer-lasting rubber vulcanization.
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Because the better rubber was available, erasers became common.
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Estwaux invented the pencil sharpener as we know it today.
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Lipman's patend was later rebuked because he merely combined two things with no new use.
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Eberhard Faber buit the first pencil factory in the US in New York.