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Zij Al-Sindhind observed the movements of five planets known of his time and also the moon.
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Al-Sufi made observations about different things. He observed the motion of the sun and he also made observation about their appearance and he also found some constellations.
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Abu Al-Wafa Buzjani observed the length of the seasons and he also observed the lunar eclipse and how the seasons and eclipse processed and why it happened.
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Ibn Yunus observed the solar eclipses and the lunar eclipses and how it happened.
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Ibn Al-Haytham observed the characteristics of light and the process of vision and how it happens and how people see light.
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Al- Biruni found out that the Earth rotated around its own axis and he calculated Earths circumference and other things to find that out.
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Al-Farghani wrote on the astrolabe and he explained the mathematical theory behind it and he also corrected a lot of things in geometry equations. He also observed Earths rotation, size, and other important things.
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Avicenna observed how far the planets were from each other and he also observed the coordinates of the sun and he also said that some of the stars were self luminous.
