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Es un periodo que se extiende desde los siglos V y XV -
Era un tipo de canto llano, simple, monódico y con una música supeditada al texto utilizado en la liturgia de la Iglesia católica, aunque en ocasiones se usa en un sentido amplio o incluso como un sinónimo de canto llano. -
Guido de Arezzo, en italiano: Guido D'Arezzo, (Arezzo, c. 991/992 – 1050) fue un monje benedictino y teórico musical italiano que constituye una de las figuras centrales de la música de la Edad Media junto con Hucbaldo (840 – c. 930). -
Hildegard von Bingen o también conocida como la Sibila del Rin, fue una abadesa, poeta, filósofa, mística y compositora nacida en 1098 (no se sabe con exactitud su fecha de nacimiento) en Bermersheim-Alzey y fallecida el 17 de septiembre de 1179 en el Rupertsberg en Bingen. -
(Bernart o Bernat de Ventadorn; Castillo de Ventadorn, Francia, hacia 1145 - Monasterio de Dalon, hacia 1180) Trovador occitano, destacada figura de la poesía provenzal y principal representante del trobar leu. -
Allelulia Pascha nostrum: íd. Léonin o Magister Leoninus (fl. 1150–1201) es, junto con Perotín, el primer compositor conocido de organum polifónico, relacionado con la Escuela de Notre Dame. -
Pérotin (fl. c. 1200) was a composer associated with the Notre Dame school of polyphony in Paris and the broader ars antiqua musical style of high medieval music. -
Ars antiqua, también llamado Ars veterum o Ars vetus, se refiere a la música de Europa de finales de la Edad Media aproximadamente entre 1170 y 1310, que abarca el período de la Escuela de Notre Dame de polifonía y los años posteriores. -
Alfonso X de Castilla, llamado el Sabio (Toledo, 23 de noviembre de 1221-Sevilla, 4 de abril de 1284), fue el rey de la Corona de Castilla y de los demás reinos intitulados entre 1252 y 1284 -
Guillaume de Machaut (también Machault) (Machault?, Reims, c. 1300 – Reims, abril de 1377) fue un clérigo, poeta y compositor medieval francés. -
Manuscrito del Roman de Fauvel, París, B.N. fr. 146 (c. 1318), la primera fuente práctica de la música del ars nova. · Ars nova (del latín "arte nuevo") es una expresión debida al teórico Philippe de Vitry que designa la producción musical, tanto francesa como italiana. -
Francesco Landini o Landino (c. 1325 – 2 de septiembre de 1397) fue un compositor, organista, cantante, poeta, constructor de instrumentos y astrólogo italiano. -
Johannes Gutenberg (l. c. 1398-1468) was the inventor of the printing press (c. 1450) who seems to have developed the device from wine and oil presses of the time. -
Martín Lutero (en alemán: Martin Luther; Eisleben, 10 de noviembre de 1483-Eisleben, 18 de febrero de 1546), nacido como Martin Luder, fue un teólogo, filósofo y fraile católico agustino que comenzó e impulsó la Reforma protestante en Alemania y cuyas enseñanzas inspiraron la doctrina teológica y cultural denominada luteranismo. -
Las obras de música para tecla, arpa y vihuela de Antonio de Cabezón, publicadas en Madrid en 1578, por su hijo Hernando de Cabezón. Antonio de Cabezón (Castrillo Mota de Judíos, Burgos, 1510-Madrid, 26 de marzo de 1566) fue un organista, arpista y compositor español del Renacimiento. -
Juan de Fermoselle, más conocido como Juan del Encina —en la grafía actual de su nombre— o Juan del Enzina —en grafía de la época— (12 de julio de 1468 - León, 1529), fue un poeta, músico y autor teatral del renacimiento español en la época de los Reyes Católicos. -
Maddalena Casulana fue una compositora, intérprete de violín y cantante italiana del Renacimiento tardío. Fue la primera mujer compositora que tuvo un volumen entero exclusivo de su música impresa y publicada en la historia de la música occidental. -
Cristóbal de Morales sacerdote católico español y maestro de capilla siendo el principal representante de la escuela polifonista andaluza y uno de los tres grandes, junto a Tomás Luis de Victoria y Francisco Guerrero, de la composición polifónica española del Renacimiento. -
Tomás Luis de Victoria fue un sacerdote católico, maestro de capilla y célebre compositor polifonista del renacimiento español. Se le ha considerado uno de los compositores más relevantes y avanzados de su época, con un estilo innovador que anunció el inminente barroco. -
Andrea Gabrieli fue un compositor y organista italiano de finales del Renacimiento. Tío del quizás más famoso compositor Giovanni Gabrieli, fue el primer miembro de renombre internacional de la Escuela Veneciana de compositores. Tuvo gran influencia en la difusión del estilo veneciano tanto en Italia como en Alemania. -
Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina fue un compositor italiano renacentista de música sacra y el representante más conocido de la Escuela romana de composición musical del siglo XVI. -
Orlando di Lasso, conocido también como Orlandus Lassus, Roland de Lassus, Roland Delattre u Orlande de Lassus fue un compositor francoflamenco del Renacimiento tardío. Junto con Palestrina y Victoria, está considerado como uno de los compositores más influyentes del siglo XVI. -
Carlo Gesualdo, príncipe de Venosa y conde de Conza, fue un compositor italiano, una de las figuras más significativas de la música de finales del Renacimiento con madrigales intensamente expresivos y piezas de música sacra con un cromatismo que no volverá a escucharse hasta finales del siglo XIX. -
Se extiende desde el s XVII al XVIII -
Giacomo Carissimi fue uno de los compositores italianos más eminentes de los comienzos del Barroco y uno de los principales representantes de la Escuela Romana. Nació en Marino, cerca de Roma, en 1604 o 1605. -
Giovanni Gabrieli fue un compositor y organista italiano, nacido y muerto en Venecia. Uno de los más influyentes músicos de su época, representa la culminación de la escuela veneciana, enmarcándose en la transición de la música renacentista a la música barroca. -
Barbara Strozzi, también llamada Barbara Valle, fue una cantante y compositora italiana del Barroco. Durante su vida, publicó ocho volúmenes de su propia música y tenía más música secular impresa que cualquier otro compositor de la época. -
Claudio Monteverdi, cuyo nombre completo era Claudio Giovanni Antonio Monteverdi, fue un compositor, violagambista, cantante, director de coro y sacerdote italiano. -
Antonio Vivaldi fue un compositor, violinista, impresario, profesor y sacerdote católico veneciano del Barroco. Era apodado Il prete rosso por ser sacerdote y pelirrojo. -
Georg Philipp Telemann fue un compositor barroco alemán, aunque su obra también tuvo características de principios del clasicismo. Está considerado el compositor más prolífico de la historia de la música. Autodidacta en música, estudió leyes en la Universidad de Leipzig. -
Johann Sebastian Bach fue un compositor, músico, director de orquesta, maestro de capilla, cantor y profesor alemán del período barroco. Fue el miembro más importante de una de las familias de músicos más destacadas de la historia, con más de 35 compositores famosos: la familia Bach. -
Georg Friedrich Händel; en inglés George Frideric Handel fue un compositor alemán, posteriormente nacionalizado inglés, considerado una de las figuras cumbre de la historia de la música, especialmente la barroca, y uno de los más influyentes compositores de la música occidental y universal. -
El Español II (1687-1689), participó en una guerra en Francia la cual perdió el 44% de su audición Stradivari Palatinos del Palacio Real, Madrid, España. -
Christoph Willibald Gluck, desde 1756 caballero de Gluck fue un compositor alemán, proveniente de la región de Bohemia, República Checa. Es considerado uno de los compositores de ópera más importantes del Clasicismo de la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII.
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Fue un compositor inglés del barroco. Considerado uno de los mejores compositores ingleses de todos los tiempos, incorporó a su música elementos estilísticos franceses e italianos, generando un estilo propio inglés de música barroca. -
Franz Joseph Haydn , conocido como Joseph Haydn, fue un compositor austriaco. Es uno de los máximos representantes del periodo Clásico, además de ser conocido como el «padre de la sinfonía» y el «padre del cuarteto de cuerda» gracias a sus importantes contribuciones a ambos géneros.
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Maria Anna Walburga Ignatia Mozart (30 July 1751 – 29 October 1829), called "Marianne" and nicknamed Nannerl, was a musician, the older sister of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791) and daughter of Leopold (1719–1787) and Anna Maria Mozart (1720–1778). -
Johannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart, más conocido como Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, fue un compositor, pianista, director de orquesta y profesor del antiguo Arzobispado de Salzburgo, maestro del Clasicismo, considerado como uno de los músicos más influyentes y destacados de la historia.
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Maria Theresia von Paradis (May 15, 1759 – February 1, 1824) was an Austrian musician and composer who lost her sight at an early age, and for whom her close friend Mozart may have written his Piano Concerto No. 18 in B-flat major. -
Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827) was a German pianist and composer widely considered to be one of the greatest musical geniuses of all time. He is known for his innovative compositions that combined vocals and instruments, widening the scope of sonata, symphony, concerto, and quartet. -
Gioachino Rossini was an Italian composer and opera pioneer born on February 29, 1792, in Pesaro, Italy, and died on November 13, 1868, in Passy, near Paris, France. He is known for his comic operas, including The Barber of Seville, Cinderella, and Semiramide, and his larger-scale dramatic operas, including William Tell. -
Franz Schubert (1797–1828) was an Austrian Romantic composer and although he died at the age of 31, he was a prolific figure in classical music history, having written some 600 lieder and nine symphonies. -
Hector Berlioz was a French composer born on December 11, 1803 in France. He is credited with advancing romanticism as an ideal in music and introducing exceptional techniques that changed the orchestra.Berlioz's most famous work is Symphonie Fantastique. He was a controversial composer who split the opinions of critics. -
Felix Mendelssohn was a German composer, pianist, and conductor born on February 3, 1809, in Hamburg, Germany. He was the son of Abraham and Leah Mendelssohn and the grandson of the famous Jewish philosopher Moses Mendelssohn. -
Robert Schumann was a German composer, pianist, and influential music critic, widely regarded as one of the greatest composers of the Romantic era. -
Frederic Chopin was a Polish-French composer and pianist born on March 1, 1810, in elazowa Wola, near Warsaw, Duchy of Warsaw. He is considered one of the great masters of Romantic music and is regarded as the person who has had the most influence on the country's history of music in Poland. Chopin composed almost exclusively for piano solo and has been called the pianists' composer. -
Franz Liszt was a Hungarian composer, virtuoso pianist, conductor, and teacher of the Romantic period. He was born on 22 October 1811 and died on 31 July 1886. Liszt is considered to be one of the most prolific and influential composers of his era, with a diverse body of work spanning over six decades. -
Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi was an Italian composer best known for his operas. -
Richard Wagner was a German composer, theatre director, and conductor. Known primarily for his operas including his four-opera epic, The Ring Cycle, Tristan und Isolde and Parsifal. -
Clara Schumann was a virtuosic pianist and a brilliant composer, but is still best known for being the wife of Robert Schumann. -
Bedřich Smetana Bohemian composer of operas and symphonic poems, founder of the Czech national school of music. He was the first truly important Bohemian nationalist composer. Smetana studied music under his father, an amateur violinist. -
Johannes Brahms was a German composer and pianist who wrote symphonies, concerti, chamber music, piano works and choral compositions. -
Modest Mussorgsky, Russian composer noted particularly for his opera Boris Godunov (final version first performed 1874), his songs, and his piano piece Pictures from an Exhibition (1874). -
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky was a Russian composer born on May 7, 1840, in Kamsko-Votkinsk, Vyatka, Russia.03 He was the second eldest of his parents' six surviving offspring. Tchaikovsky began taking piano lessons when he was just five years old. -
Antonin Dvorak was born on September 8, 1841 in a small village in Bohemia, which is now part of the Czech Republic. He was one of seven children. Antonin's parents recognized his musical talent, and at the age of six he began his musical training. He studied music in Prague and graduated . -
Edvard Grieg (1843 – 1907) was a Norwegian composer and pianist. He is best known for his Piano Concerto in A minor and Peer Gynt (which includes Morning Mood and In the Hall of the Mountain King). -
Nikolai Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov (18 March 1844 – 21 June 1908) was a Russian composer, a member of the group of composers known as The Five. He was a master of orchestration. His best-known orchestral compositions—Capriccio Espagnol, the Russian Easter Festival Overture. -
Giacomo Puccini[n 1] (22 December 1858 – 29 November 1924) was an Italian composer known primarily for his operas. Regarded as the greatest and most successful proponent of Italian opera after Verdi, he was descended from a long line of composers, stemming from the late-Baroque era. Though his early work was firmly rooted in traditional late-19th-century Romantic Italian opera, he later developed his work in the realistic verismo style, of which he became one of the leading exponents. -
Gustav Mahler was an Austrian Jewish composer and conductor born on July 7, 1860, in Kalischt, Bohemia, Austrian Empire. He discovered a piano in his grandmother's attic when he was six years old and gave his first public performance four years later. -
Claude Debussy (1862-1918) was a French composer and pianist who is regarded as the originator of impressionism in music. He was the son of a shopkeeper and was first encouraged in his love of music in 1871 by Mme Mauté de Fleurville, a former pupil of Chopin and mother-in-law of Verlaine, whose poetry he was later to set. -
Hugo Philipp Jacob Wolf (13 March 1860 – 22 February 1903) was an Austrian composer, particularly noted for his art songs, or Lieder. He brought to this form a concentrated expressive intensity which was unique in late Romantic music, somewhat related to that of the Second Viennese School in concision but diverging greatly in technique. -
Maurice Ravel was a French composer of Swiss-Basque descent, born on March 7, 1875, in Ciboure, France. He is known for his musical craftsmanship and perfection of form and style in works such as Bolero, Pavane pour une infante defunte, Rapsodie espagnole, the ballet Daphnis et Chloé, and the opera L’Enfant et les sortilèges. -
Manuel de Falla y Matheu was an Andalusian Spanish composer and pianist born on November 23, 1876, in Cadiz, Spain.45 He is widely regarded as one of Spain's most important musicians of the first half of the 20th century, alongside Isaac Albéniz, Francisco Tárrega, and Enrique Granados. -
Igor Stravinsky was a Russian composer, conductor, and pianist born on June 17, 1882, in Oranienbaum, Russia. He rose to fame in the early 1900s for his compositions for the Ballets Russes, including The Rite of Spring.2 Stravinsky wrote ballets, symphonic works, operas, concertos, masses, and vocal compositions. -
Béla Viktor János Bartók was a Hungarian composer, pianist, and collector of Eastern European and Middle Eastern folk music. He was born on March 25, 1881, and died on September 26, 1945.2 Bartók is considered one of the greatest composers of the 20th century, and he and Liszt are regarded as Hungary's greatest composers. -
Zoltán Kodály prominent composer and authority on Hungarian folk music. He was also important as an educator not only of composers but also of teachers, and, through his students, he contributed heavily to the spread of music education in Hungary. -
Joaquín Turina Spanish composer who helped to promote the national character of 20th-century Spanish music. After studying in Sevilla (Seville) and Madrid, Turina went in 1905 to Paris, where he was a pupil of Moritz Moszkowski for piano and Vincent d’Indy for composition. -
Heitor Villa-Lobos was a Brazilian composer, conductor, cellist, pianist, and guitarist born on March 5, 1887, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.He is considered one of the most celebrated South American composers in the history of music, known for writing music that represented the many musical influences and the folklore of his native Brazil. -
George Gershwin was a renowned American composer born on September 26, 1898, in Brooklyn, New York. He was the second son of Russian immigrants and was secretly learning to play the piano. Gershwin is known for his great talent as a melodist in both popular and classical genres and for his chamber and orchestral works that blend the forms and techniques of classical music with elements of popular song and jazz. -
Olivier Eugène Prosper Charles Messiaen was a French composer, organist, and ornithologist who was one of the major composers of the 20th century. He was born on December 10, 1908, in Avignon, France, into a literary family. Messiaen was the elder of two sons of Cécile Anne Marie Antoinette Sauvage, a poet, and Pierre Léon Joseph Messiaen, a scholar and teacher of English from a farm near Wervicq-Sud. -
Pierre Schaeffer, French composer, acoustician, and electronics engineer who in 1948, with his staff at Radio-diffusion et Télévision Française, introduced musique concrète in which sounds of natural origin, animate and inanimate. -
John Cage was an American avant-garde composer born in Los Angeles in 1912 to an inventor father and journalist mother.0 He briefly attended Pomona College before returning to the United States in 1931. Cage's inventive compositions and unorthodox ideas profoundly influenced mid-20th-century music.2 He is best known for his 1952 composition 4"233"3, which is performed in the absence of deliberate sound. -
Pierre Henry, RCA (1932 to 2013) was a French Canadian artist and painter born in Gaspésie, Quebec, who became the first president of the Centre les impatients in 1992. -
Philip Glass is an American composer known for his innovative instrumental, vocal, and operatic music.1 He was born in 1937 in Baltimore, Maryland, and his musical influences began at a young age during hours spent at his family's record store where he was exposed to an eclectic music collection including Western classical music and modern music of the time. -
Claude-Michel Schönberg (born 6 July 1944, in Vannes) is a French record producer, actor, singer, songwriter, and musical theatre composer, best known for his collaborations with lyricist Alain Boublil.