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Viking invasions of Britain and Ireland began in the late 8th century, mainly in monasteries. The first monastery raided was in 793 at Lindisfarne on the northeast coast; the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle described the Vikings as pagan men. The Vikings became extinct because they did not have adequate conditions to survive, the Nordic settlements fled from the drought, the advance of the sea and a series of epidemics that spread on the island. -
The Franco-Norman army of Duke William II of Normandy clashed with the Anglo-Saxon army of King Harold II. It was the beginning of the Norman conquest of England. -
The Crusades were a series of religious wars promoted by the Catholic Church during the Middle Ages.
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Magna Carta Libertatum, better known as Magna Carta, is a charter granted by John I of England at Runnymede, near Windsor. It constitutes one of the most important antecedents of constitutionalism, it contains basic principles of both public law and private law. It is a document that established, in writing, limits to the king's power. -
Renaissance is the name given in the 19th century to a broad cultural movement that occurred in Western Europe during the 15th and 16th centuries. It was a transition period between the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Modern Age. It is a cultural phenomenon that takes up the principles of classical antiquity and updates them through humanism, this movement links the culture of the time with classical antiquity, it is the philosophical and cultural aspect of the Renaissance. -
It was an armed conflict, which lasted 116 years, intermittently, and had the kingdoms of France and England. The conflict was essentially feudal in nature, as its purpose was to resolve who would control the additional lands of the English monarchs. The war finally ended with the defeat of England and the consequent withdrawal of English troops from French lands.
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The Black Death, Black Death or Plague Epidemic was the most devastating bubonic plague pandemic in human history, affecting Eurasia and North Africa in the 14th century.
Plague is caused by Yersinia pestis, a zoonotic bacteria usually found in small mammals and the fleas that parasitize them. People infected with pestis usually present symptoms after an incubation period of 1 to 7 days. There are two main clinical forms of plague: bubonic and pneumonic. -
The French Revolution was a social and political conflict, with various periods of violence, which convulsed the France of the Ancien Regime, and other countries by extension of its implications.