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The deposition of the last Roman emperor, Romulus Augustulus, marked the end of Roman rule in the West and the transition to the Middle Ages.
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The raid on Lindisfarne marked the start of the Viking Age, characterized by Norse explorations and invasions across Europe.
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Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne, king of the Franks, as the Emperor of the Romans, reviving the title in Western Europe and unifying much of the continent.
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The formal split between the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church, primarily over issues of papal authority and theological differences.
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Initiated by Pope Urban II, this military expedition aimed to reclaim Jerusalem from Muslim control, resulting in the capture of the city in 1099.
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King John of England signed this charter, limiting the powers of the monarchy and establishing certain legal rights, often viewed as a precursor to modern democracy.
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A series of conflicts between England and France over territorial claims and the French throne, lasting until 1453.
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This devastating pandemic killed an estimated one-third of Europe's population, significantly impacting society, economy, and culture.
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The Ottoman Empire captured the capital of the Byzantine Empire, marking the end of Byzantine rule and a significant expansion of Ottoman power.
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Christopher Columbus reached the Bahamas, opening the Americas to European exploration and eventual colonization.