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The oldest known piece of music, inscribed on a tombstone. -
It is the second of the three traditional divisions of Western history: antiquity, medieval, and modern.
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A style of sacred vocal music of the Catholic Church, popular in the Middle Ages -
Italian monk, creator of the modern music notation system. -
German composer and mystic, a pioneer in liturgical music. -
Provençal troubadour known for lyric poetry and music. -
Composer associated with the Notre Dame School, a pioneer in organum. -
Medieval music period characterized by the development of organum. -
One of the earliest polyphonic composers from the Notre Dame School. -
Spanish king, promoter of music and culture, author of the Cantigas. -
French composer and poet, key figure of Ars Nova. -
Italian composer and master of the trecento, known for his ballads. -
The Renaissance was a cultural movement that revived interest in classical art, science, and philosophy.
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Inventor of the printing press, revolutionized music distribution. -
Period that renewed rhythmic and polyphonic music in France and Italy. -
Spanish poet and musician, precursor of Renaissance musical drama. -
German religious reformer, introduced choral singing in liturgy. -
Spanish composer, among the first to bring Renaissance style to Rome. -
Spanish composer and organist, known for keyboard music. -
Italian composer, master of Renaissance sacred music -
Franco-Flemish composer renowned for polyphonic vocal music. -
Italian composer, pioneer of the Venetian style of music. -
Italian composer, first woman to publish her works. -
Spanish composer, a master of Renaissance sacred music. -
Italian composer, famous for his works for brass ensembles. -
Italian prince and composer known for expressive, dissonant music. -
Italian composer, one of the first to develop opera. -
The Baroque was an artistic and cultural movement of the 17th century characterized by excessive ornamentation, emotional contrasts, and a pessimistic view of life, reflecting the social, religious, and political tensions of the time.
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Italian composer, a pioneer of the Baroque oratorio. -
Italian composer, renowned for her sacred and secular vocal music. -
Italian luthier, creator of world-renowned violins. -
English composer, influential in English Baroque music. -
English composer, influential in English Baroque music. -
Italian composer, famous for concertos, especially The Four Seasons. -
German composer, known for oratorios like The Messiah. -
German composer, one of the greatest figures in Baroque music. -
A German composer known for his operas, particularly reforming opera by focusing on the dramatic aspect of the music. His opera Orfeo ed Euridice is one of his most famous works. -
An Austrian composer often referred to as the "Father of the Symphony" and the "Father of the String Quartet." His contributions to the development of classical music were foundational, with symphonies like Surprise and The London Symphonies being iconic examples. -
Sister of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Nannerl was a talented musician and composer, though her career was overshadowed by her brother's fame. -
One of the greatest and most influential composers in Western classical music. Known for his immense body of work, including symphonies, operas, chamber music, and choral pieces. His music, such as The Magic Flute and Requiem, remains widely performed. -
Austrian pianist, singer, and composer, known for her compositions and her resilience after becoming blind at an early age. -
A German composer and pianist whose works bridged the Classical and Romantic periods. His symphonies, particularly the 9th Symphony, were revolutionary and deeply emotional, changing the landscape of Western music forever. -
Italian composer known for his operas, including "The Barber of Seville" and "William Tell," marking a peak in Italian opera. -
Austrian composer who bridged the Classical and Romantic eras, known for his symphonies, chamber music, and over 600 art songs. -
French composer known for his innovative orchestral works, particularly the symphonic poem "Symphonie Fantastique." -
German composer, pianist, and conductor, known for works like "A Midsummer Night's Dream" and "The Wedding March." -
German composer and pianist, a leading figure in Romantic music, known for his symphonic, piano, and choral works. -
Polish composer and virtuoso pianist, famous for his piano works, including nocturnes, etudes, and polonaises. -
Hungarian composer and pianist, one of the greatest pianists of all time, and known for his symphonic poems and virtuosic piano music. -
Italian opera composer whose works, like "La Traviata" and "Aida," remain staples of the operatic repertoire. -
German composer known for his operas, particularly the "Ring Cycle," pioneering the use of leitmotifs and the integration of music and drama. -
German pianist and composer, one of the most distinguished pianists of the Romantic era and wife of Robert Schumann. -
Czech composer, known for his opera "The Bartered Bride" and the symphonic cycle "Má vlast." -
German composer and pianist, renowned for his symphonies, concertos, and chamber works, combining classical structure with Romantic expressiveness. -
Russian composer, best known for his operas and piano suite "Pictures at an Exhibition." -
Russian composer, famous for ballets like "Swan Lake" and "The Nutcracker," as well as symphonies and concertos. -
Czech composer, celebrated for his symphonic and chamber music, including "New World Symphony" and "Cello Concerto -
Norwegian composer known for his nationalistic style, with famous works like "Peer Gynt" and "Piano Concerto in A minor." -
Russian composer known for his vivid orchestration, including "Scheherazade" and "The Flight of the Bumblebee." -
Italian opera composer, famous for operas such as "La Bohème," "Tosca," and "Madama Butterfly." -
Austrian composer best known for his art songs (Lieder), particularly those set to German-language poetry. -
Austrian composer and conductor, famous for his symphonies and orchestral song cycles, with emotionally intense and large-scale works. -
French composer, a leading figure in Impressionism, known for works like Clair de Lune and Prélude à l'après-midi d'un faune, which broke away from traditional harmonic structure -
Finnish composer, recognized for his symphonies and nationalistic works, particularly "Finlandia." -
Austrian composer, known for developing the twelve-tone technique, a method of serial composition, with famous works such as Verklärte Nacht and Pierrot Lunaire. -
French composer known for his orchestral and piano works, including Boléro and Daphnis et Chloé, combining elegance with technical brilliance and exploring impressionist and neoclassical styles. -
Spanish composer, known for incorporating Spanish folk traditions into his music, especially in works like El amor brujo and Nights in the Gardens of Spain. -
Hungarian composer and ethnomusicologist, known for integrating folk music into his compositions, with works like Concerto for Orchestra and Six String Quartets. -
Hungarian composer and ethnomusicologist, known for his contributions to music education and works such as Hary Janos Suite and Sonata for Solo Cello. -
Spanish composer, often associated with the Spanish nationalist movement, known for works like La oración del torero and his Sinfonía Sevillana. -
Russian composer, one of the most influential figures of the 20th century, known for groundbreaking works like The Firebird, The Soldier's Tale, and The Rite of Spring. -
Brazilian composer and conductor, known for blending Brazilian folk music with classical traditions. -
American composer known for his incorporation of jazz with classical music, including works like "Rhapsody in Blue" and "Porgy and Bess." -
French composer and organist, known for his use of complex rhythms, bird songs, and vivid harmonies in works like Vingt Regards sur l'Enfant-Jésus and Quatuor pour la fin du temps. -
French composer and musicologist, a key figure in the development of musique concrète, a form of experimental music using recorded sounds, with works like Études de bruits. -
American avant-garde composer, famous for pioneering experimental music and works like 4'33" and Sonatas and Interludes for prepared piano, challenging traditional notions of sound and silence. -
French composer of electronic music and a pioneer in musique concrète, known for his collaborations with Schaeffer and works such as Variations for a Door and a Sigh. -
American composer, a leading figure in minimalism, known for his repetitive structures and works such as Einstein on the Beach, Glassworks, and his symphonies. -
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