Islam Timeline By CHINCHILA 1900 BCE The Ottoman Empire officially ends. 1857 BCE The last Mughal emperor is exiled by the British. 1722 BCE Afghan warriors end the Safavid Empire. 1628 BCE Mughal Empire peaks under Shah Jahan (built the Taj Mahal) 1628–1658 1588 BCE The Safavid Empire reaches its height. 1588–1629 1556 BCE Akbar the Great comes to power, starting a Golden Age. 1526 BCE The Mughal Empire begins with the conquest of North and Central India. 1520 BCE 1520–1566 – The Ottoman Empire reaches its peak of power. 1453 BCE Ottomans conquer Constantinople, ending the Byzantine Empire. 1258 BCE Mongols invade Baghdad and kill the last Abbasid caliph. 1000 BCE A 30-volume medical encyclopedia is written. 1000 BCE A 30-volume medical encyclopedia is written. 933 BCE All of Muslim Spain is united under Abd al-Rahman III. 927 BCE Abd al-Rahman III declares himself caliph. 912 BCE Abd al-Rahman III rises to power, challenges Arab leaders. 756 BCE Abd al-Rahman, the last Umayyad prince, takes over Muslim Spain. 750 BCE Abbasids overthrow the Umayyads. 750 BCE Umayyads retain control over Spain. 711 BCE Muslims conquer Spain. 661 BCE li, the fourth caliph, is assassinated; the Umayyad dynasty begins. 652 BCE Islam spreads to Syria, Palestine, Iran, Egypt, and North Africa. 632 BCE Muhammad dies; his father-in-law, Abu Bakr, becomes the first caliph. 628 BCE Muhammad and his followers peacefully take control of Mecca. 622 BCE Muhammad flees to Yathrib (later called Medina); this marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar. 612 BCE Muhammad begins preaching Islam to the public. 610 BCE Muhammad receives his first revelation from the angel Gabriel. 570 BCE Muhammad is born in Mecca. 1 BCE 1290–1330 – Ottomans begin opposing the Byzantine Empire.
