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The Iraqi government, led by Saddam Hussein, start to conduct a series of military campaigns against Kurdish populations in northern Iraq
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Halabja, a Kurdish town, is attacked with chemical weapons resulting in the deaths of thousands.
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The Iraqi government carries out coordinated attacks on Kurdish villages, using chemical weapons, bombings, and mass killings
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A decree is issued targeting all Kurds, leading to mass arrests and disappearances
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The Anfal campaign officially ends after the Iraqi government declares victory, resulting in the deaths of an estimated 50,000 to 180,000 Kurds