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Congress passes a law that prohibits Native Americans from speaking their own language in schools otherwise they would be punished. https://www.loc.gov/item/2016893181/
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The first federal law to address language. This said that any immigrants seeking naturalization should speak English. https://www.loc.gov/item/97501095/
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Bureau of Indian Affairs rescinds that Native Americans can speak their own language in schools. Even though this is passed, there were still many places that ignored this law illegally. https://www.loc.gov/item/99615118/
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National Defense Education Act was passed during the
cold war for the expansion of foreign-language teaching; to
improve international relations, economic development, and
national security. https://www.loc.gov/item/00652694/ -
The Elementary and Secondary Education Act was passed under the Lyndon B. Johnson administration. This act gave much funding to schools that especially helped the programs that gave bilingual support. https://www.loc.gov/item/96522661/
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This was the first federal law to recognize the needs for ELL students. Congress put into law that schools needed to provide bilingual opportunities. This was the first time that congress had endorsed funding for ESL programs. https://www.loc.gov/resource/ppmsca.49978/
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Massachusetts becomes the first state to mandate bilingual education. This means that they are the first ones to not only make it an option, but by law they need to provide services for bilingual education. https://www.loc.gov/item/2007681339/
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This act passes to put more structure to the Bilingual Education Act. Before, people thought that it was too vague. This act help to define the boundaries of the law. https://www.loc.gov/resource/afc1987042.afc1987042_tr_c063/?st=gallery
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No Child Left Behind was signed into law in the George W. Bush administration. This mandated a lot of standardized testing throughout the country. The aim of this program was to help close the education gap but was considered unsuccessful. https://www.loc.gov/item/2011645073/
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Every Student Succeeds Act was signed into law under the Obama administration which was a reformation of the NCLB act. This reformation granted more freedom to the states for how they meet their education goals. https://www.loc.gov/item/2010647151/
