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Within the concentration camp system, colored, tri-angular badges identified various prisoner categories, as seen in this image of a roll call at the Buchenwald concentration camp.
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Residents of Rostock, Germany, view a burning synagogue the morning after Kristallnacht (“Night of Broken Glass”). On the night of November 9–10, 1938, the Nazi regime unleashed orchestrated anti-Jewish violence across greater Germany.
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Within 48 hours, synagogues were vandalized and burned, 7,500 Jewish businesses were damaged or destroyed, 96 Jews were killed, and nearly 30,000 Jewish men were arrested and sent to concentration camps.
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Sections of Warsaw lay in ruins following the invasion
and conquest of Poland by the German military begun in September 1939 that propelled Europe into World War II. -
Although Jews were their primary targets, the Nazis also persecuted Roma (Gypsies), persons with mental and physical disabilities, and Poles for racial, ethnic, or national reasons.
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By the end of 1942, however, the Allies were on the offensive and ultimately drove back the German forces.
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Between 1942 and 1944, trains carrying Jews from German-controlled Europe rolled into one of the six killing centers located along rail lines in occupied Poland.
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Commonly between 80 and 100 people were crammed into railcars of this type. Deportation trains usually carried 1,000 to 2,000 people.
